Shredder dust processing method and processing device for same

ABSTRACT

A shredder dust treatment method is provided wherein non-metal dust which is further pulverized into a small particle size in a pulverizing step S10 through a crushing step S1 of crushing wastes such as waste automobiles, waste home appliances, and waste office furniture into a predetermined size, an iron component separation and collection step S3 of separating and collecting an iron component, a non-ferrous component separation and collection step S4 of separating and collecting a non-ferrous component, a metal component separation and collection step S5 of sorting a metal component, wind power sorting steps S2, S6, S8, and S9 of sorting floating fibrous dust and a settled crushed material by wind power, and a shredding step S7 of shredding the settled crushed material into a predetermined size is separated into metal scraps such as copper, aluminum, and iron, fibrous dust, and particulate dust in a separating step S11.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 16/652,940 filed Apr. 1, 2020, which is a Section371 of International Application No. PCT/JP2018/011342, filed Mar. 22,2018, which claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No.2018-048552 filed Mar. 15, 2018. The present application claims thebenefit of each of the above-identified applications. The disclosures ofeach of the above-mentioned applications are incorporated herein byreference in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a technique for recycling wastes ofautomobiles, home appliances, or office furniture. In particular, theinvention relates to a method of separating metal from shredder dust andfueling an organic combustible residue, a method of effectively using aninorganic residue, and a treatment device thereof in order to separateand collect metal scraps from shredder dust obtained by crushingautomobiles, home appliances, or office furniture and recycle non-metalscraps corresponding to a residue.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Industrial wastes of automobiles, home appliances, and office furnitureare crushed and pulverized by a hammer mill type shredder when recyclingthem. Among the industrial wastes which are crushed and pulverized,fibrous light dust entangled with a wire harness sucked by a dustcollector is called “shredder dust”. For example, as shown in a workingflowchart of FIG. 27 , the shredder dust is a general term fornon-valuable materials in which most (80% or more) of contents excludingmetal which can be eliminated from crushed and pulverized materialsobtained by crushing and pulverizing waste automobiles, waste homeappliances, waste office furniture, or the like by a hammer mill typecrusher is non-metal.

When waste automobiles, waste home appliances, waste office furniture,or the like are input to the hammer mill type crusher, a cylindricalrotor with several dozen cast hammers (having a weight of 75 kg to 250kg/piece) attached to a hammer shaft so as to hang outward from thecenter of the hammer crushes waste automobiles, waste home appliances,waste office furniture, or the like while rotating 600 times per minuteand discharges metal and non-metal from a lower grid of the crusher in abroken state. The size of the crushed material to be discharged isdifferent according to the size of the hole of the lower grid of thecrusher.

A crushed material includes “light dust” which is sucked by a dustcollector in addition to “iron” which is sorted and accumulated by amagnet drum or the like, “non-ferrous metal” which is separated,collected, and accumulated by an automatic non-ferrous separator using ahomopolar magnet, “stainless steel” which cannot be separated by theautomatic non-ferrous separator, and heavy “non-metal dust”. Among thefive types of sorted materials, the “light dust (fibrous dust andparticulate dust)” is a treatment object of the invention calledshredder dust.

This shredder dust had to be brought to a controlled landfill site withsheets in the 1990 s. Due to the change of related laws and regulations,the disposal fee to the controlled landfill site has jumped from 6,000to 30,000 yen per ton and becomes a price five times higher in severalyears. For that reason, illegal dumping to the valleys and islands notcorresponding to dumping sites or dumping sites just corresponding todug holes has not stopped. The amount of illegal dumping of shredderdust discovered in Teshima, Shikoku, in 1990 was as high as 900,000tons. In order to process this 900,000 tons, a tax of 28 billion yen wasused and a report on the completion of the process was made in 2017.This 900,000 tons is comparable to today's annual shredder dustemissions. Under such circumstances, the automaker and the Ministry ofEconomy, Trade and Industry at that time cooperated to start a system toprevent illegal dumping while listening to the actual situation fromscrapers. As a result, the automobile recycling law has come into effectin 2005 and shredder dust disposal cost was paid by individualautomobile owners and corporate owners for recycling cost. Then, anorganization of participation of automobile makers named TH and ARTnewly created by using the paid money as a fund created a mechanism todistribute the shredder processing cost to the shredder dust discharger.However, legal processing responsibility came to be borne by theautomobile manufacturer. However, the destination of shredder dust isspecified by TH and ART and the transportation cost up to that pointmust be paid by the shredder discharger. The largest amount of shredderdust is generated in the Kanto area where about 10% of the Japanesepopulation lives. However, shredder dust is being sent to incineratorsin the Tohoku area such as Aomori. If the distance is far, shipping costwill increase and vehicle purchasing cost, property tax, and the likewill increase. Such geographical factors are considered to be one of thereasons why the amount of shredder dust that cement manufacturers havedeclared as treated is lower than the expected amount calculated eachyear based on the type and number of waste automobiles. Alternatively,it may be temporarily placed in a mountainous leased land as it has beentreated and placed in a flexible container.

In particular, shredder dust discharged from waste automobiles stillcontains about 10 to 15% by weight of metals such as iron, copper,aluminum, and stainless steel. Using in an underhanded way the terms ofthe Basel Convention that the waste containing these valuable materialsand useful materials was allowed to be exported with payment, the wastewas illegally exported until 2017. Also, even if the waste isincinerated, metals are burned in an incinerator of a cement plantdespite the fact that metals can be taken out in a clean state close tothe raw materials as in the invention. Thus, since all metals areoxidized, their regeneration value is significantly reduced. From theviewpoint of processing wastes and recycling resources, it is essentialto reduce the load on the final disposal site by collecting morevaluable materials from the shredder dust as high in purity as possibleand reducing the amount of non-burning wastes such as soil, glass, andpottery contained in the shredder dust. In the invention, since soil,glass, pottery, and the like are made into powder by various crushersand the powder enters bubbles of polyurethane, the powder burns alongwith polyurethane. Although waste automobiles, waste home appliances,and waste office furniture take a main position of building a thermaland material recycling system among the first-class designated products,China has imported with payment not only metal mixed waste but anythingfrom waste plastic as well in recent decades and most shredder dust hasbegun to be burned in the incinerators of cement manufacturers under theautomobile recycling law from 2005. Accordingly, in Japan, a troublesomeand complex shredder dust treatment technique has hardly progressed.Under such circumstances, China implemented a ban on the import of wasteplastic from January 2018 as declared in the summer of 2017. As aresult, imports of waste plastic in China decreased by 99% from Januarylast year. From March 2018, the import of copper wire (nugget) scrapsmixed with waste plastic such as 0.5% or more of copper wire coveringmaterial was banned.

Automobiles are mostly made of metals such as iron, copper, and aluminumand many useful parts such as batteries, catalysts, and engines are usedas used parts. When dismantling waste automobiles and recycling variousparts and components, harmful materials such as fluorocarbons andbatteries and dangerous materials such as oil, gasoline, and airbags arefirst eliminated and then car bodies are crushed to collect target ironscraps. Next, plastics and non-ferrous metals such as valuable copper,brass, aluminum, and stainless steel are collected from mixed scrapscalled non-magnetic mixed metals.

However, wire harnesses (copper wires wrapped in cars) are not includedin the above-described mixed metals because they are drawn into the dustcollector together with polyurethane and fiber dust. Tires, batteries,engines, bumpers, and the like can be used as second-hand parts or canbe separated and thus they are manually taken out as shown in theworking flowchart of FIG. 28 . Freon gases are collected as harmfulmaterials and airbags are collected as dangerous materials. Non-reusableoil, engines, and tires are manually collected.

In the next step after eliminating the above-described valuables, usefulmaterials, reusable parts, harmful materials, and dangerous materials,metal such as chassis and frame of waste automobiles is crushed alongwith glass and seat materials (seat). A metal crushed materialseparation and collection step is provided after the crushing step. Inthe first step of separating and collecting the metal crushed material,magnetic materials such as metal are adsorbed, sorted, and accumulatedby using a magnetic force of a magnet drum or the like. Iron taken outby the crusher is collected. A non-ferrous metal scrap separation andcollection step is provided after the step of collecting magneticmaterials such as iron. In this collection step, automatic non-ferrousseparators (commonly called eddy current, linear in Japan) that sortnon-ferrous metals such as copper and brass and aluminum, wind sortingthat applies wind to light plastics compared to metals, and manualsorting performed by people is used.

“Fibrous lightweight dust” derived from waste automobiles and dischargedfrom these steps are not easily sorted only by hands or sorting devicesand are sucked by dust collectors, and the dust is called AutomobileShredder Residue (ASR).

However, the treatment target products of the invention include not onlywaste automobiles but also waste home appliances or waste officefurniture since the treatment method is the same. Therefore, theabbreviation of ASR described in the invention also includes ShredderResidue (SR).

Therefore, in the invention, both ASR and SR will be referred to asshredder dust unless there is a special limiting element.

There has been proposed a technique of separating and collecting metalscorresponding to valuable materials and dust corresponding to non-metaland useful materials from the shredder dust and reusing them asresources. For example, a “shredder dust treatment method” disclosed inJP 2000-51830 A of Patent Literature 1 proposes a shredder dusttreatment method including (1) a first crushing step, (2) a step ofseparating and collecting metals from a first crushed material, (3) asecond crushing step, (5) a step of separating and collecting metalsfrom a second crushed material, (6) a third crushing step, (7) a step ofseparating and collecting non-ferrous metals and non-metals from a thirdcrushed material, and (8) a step of collecting and recycling dust or thelike.

CITATION LIST Patent Document

-   [Patent Document 1] JP 2000-51830 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Problem to be Solved by the Invention

Even after the automobile recycling law which came into force in 2005,since there was no established technique for treating shredder dustcontaining useful organic materials, most shredder dust is still burnedin incinerators of cement manufacturers. That is, the useful material isburned without being reused. In other words, even at present, onemillion tons of shredder dust is emitted every year all over Japan. Thatis, the natural environment is still heavily loaded in terms of exhaustgas treatment in combustion treatment.

Further, in some cases, waste plastic is added by 5 to 10 times theamount to shredder dust to produce RPF. However, there are many cases inwhich a shredder dust processor refuses to take over because the contentof copper, which is a catalyst for combustible chlorine and dioxingeneration, exceeds 1%.

Further, in the shredder dust (ASR) which is discharged when treatingwaste automobiles, since useful products that can be used as tires,batteries, engines, bumpers, and other used parts, useful materials, andreusable metal fragments are separated and collected considerably, theproportion of polyurethane or sheet material in this shredder dust tendsto increase year by year. This trend does not change even in themainstream era of electric vehicles (EV). This shredder dust (ASR)derived from waste automobiles means lightweight dust which is sucked bya dust collector and is called “Shredder Fluff” in Europe. The shredderdust includes “particulate (granular) dust” mainly containing plastic,rubber, coating materials of wire harness (copper wire), and wood chipsheavier than “fibrous dust” in addition to polyurethane or fiber“fibrous (cotton-like) dust”.

Regarding the generation of the floating “fibrous dust” or thenon-floating “particulate dust” corresponding to simple waste in thepast, the burning calorie of polyurethane is 7,000 kcal/kg which isequivalent to coal. Accordingly, the inventor of the invention hasnoticed that the waste would replace coal (fuel) currently imported fromabroad. Incidentally, Japan's annual import volume of coal is about 200million tons.

On the other hand, the total generation amount of shredder dust fromJapanese waste automobiles (ASR) is about one million tons annually.Since 55 to 61% of ASR is “fibrous dust” and 25% thereof is “particulatedust” also in the experiment result of the inventor, it means that it ispossible to make a fuel that can replace approximately 800,000 to860,000 tons of industrial coal and coke annually from both dusts if theinvention is used. Since this amount is only about 0.4% of Japan's totalimports of coal, it is an amount that can be used for industrialpurposes reasonably without changing the quality and calorificproperties of the coal currently being used as a partial replacement orauxiliary agent for coal or coke. In addition, polyurethane is alreadyused as a reducing agent in blast furnaces or converters. Aluminum isalso used as a reducing agent in blast furnaces or electric furnaces.Among residual metallic elements in “fibrous dust”, aluminum is thehighest in content. As shown in the metal element analysis table inTable 1 described later, this fact also suggests that “fibrous dust” issuitable not only for fuel but also for a reducing agent.

The inventor has focused on the fact that the “fibrous dust” can be madeas fuel and auxiliary fuel corresponding to a substitute for coal usedby thermal power plants, reducing agents for blast furnaces and electricfurnaces, or high-quality defoamers for converters if the specificgravity of the final product can be raised to 2 or more because the dusthas high combustion calories. The combustible chlorine component of“fibrous dust” is close to general waste (0.4 to 0.6%). Since burnedcalories are as high as 7,000 kcal/kg equivalent to coal, the dust canbe used not only in a thermal power plant, but also as an auxiliary fuelto replace pulverized coal in municipal incinerators just by performinga sealing treatment to suppress a transportation cost or to easilyhandle the dust even without performing a treatment of increasing thespecific volume. Since it is sealed, there is a long-term storageeffect. It also has the advantage of being an inexpensive alternativefuel or auxiliary fuel when, for example, the price of coal rises.

However, in this way, shredder dust (ASR) derived from waste automobileshad a preferable situation to be useful as a material and wasparticularly suitable for “fibrous dust”. The “shredder dust treatmentmethod” of Patent Literature 1 had a problem that the metal scraper hada low processing ability (up to 1.5 tons/hour) which cannot meet theinitial investment and cannot expand the installable area.

ASR to be treated usually contains 3 to 4% of combustible chlorine and 3to 5% of copper which is a catalyst for dioxin generation. The presentsituation is that since waste plastic, waste wood, waste paper, andpaper sludge not containing polyvinyl chloride 5 to 10 times the amountof untreated ASR are added to the ASR in order to dilute theseconcentrations, it is very rudimentary and groundless processing toreduce the content of combustible chlorine and copper contained in ASR.However, since this method of adding waste plastic to ASR only adds“industrial waste” to “industrial waste”, the quality of the finalproduct was not stable. Since many combustible chlorine contentsexceeded 1%, there was a problem of receiving a claim from the deliverydestination that it could not be adopted as an auxiliary fuel. To sendback RPF made by mixing ASR and waste plastic sent from Kanto toHokkaido again to Tokyo has a problem that shredders financially have topay double fares. In addition to this problem, there was also a problemthat double transportation increases the CO₂ emissions of the trailercorresponding to single transportation.

The invention has been made to fundamentally solve such a problem. Thatis, an object of the invention is to provide a treatment method capableof using a total amount of industrial wastes called “fibrous dust” or“particulate dust”, which are simply organic residues of shredder dustin the past, as resources again and a treatment device capable ofimproving its treatment capacity.

Means for Solving the Problems

A shredder dust treatment method of the invention is a shredder dusttreatment method of serially crushing shredder dust obtained by crushingwastes such as waste automobiles, waste home appliances, and wasteoffice furniture a plurality of times by following treatment steps,gradually decreasing a particle size of the shredder dust, separating avaluable material such as metal and non-ferrous metal from the crushedmaterial, further collecting metal scraps, and processing the remainingresidue into a useful industrial material.

(1) A first crushing step (S1),

(2) a step of separating and collecting fibrous dust from a firstcrushed material (S2),

(3) a step of separating and collecting metal from the first crushedmaterial (S3, S4, S5),

(4) a step of separating and collecting fibrous dust from the firstcrushed material (S6),

(5) a second crushing (shredding) step (S7),

(6) a step of separating and collecting fibrous dust from a secondcrushed material (S8, S9),

(7) a third crushing (pulverizing) step (S10),

(8) a step of separating and collecting fibrous dust and particulatedust from a third crushed material (a pulverized material) (S11),

(9) a step of separating metal from the third crushed material (thepulverized material) (S12, S13, S31, S32),

(10) a step of solidifying, carbonizing, sealing, and fueling fibrousdust, and

(11) a step of solidifying, desalinating, carbonizing, sealing, andfueling particulate dust.

A shredder dust treatment method of the invention is a shredder dusttreatment method of further collecting metal scraps from a residue(shredder dust) in which valuable materials such as metal andnon-ferrous metal are separated from a material obtained by crushingwastes such as waste automobiles, waste home appliances, and wasteoffice furniture and processing a remaining residue into a usefulindustrial material, including:

a crushing step (S1) of crushing the wastes into a predetermined size;

a primary dust collecting step (S2) of collecting “fibrous dust”separated by the crushing step (S1);

an iron component separation and collection step (S3) of separating andcollecting a magnetic material containing an iron component in a crushedmaterial obtained by the crushing step (S1);

a non-ferrous component separation and collection step (S4) of using ahomopolar magnet to separate and collect a non-ferrous component whichis not picked up by a magnetic force and is contained in the crushedmaterial separated by the iron component separation and collection step(S3);

a step (S5) of separating and collecting stainless steel which is notseparated by the non-ferrous component separation and collection step(S4) and is discharged while being contained in non-metal by thecombination of a metal detector and an air jet nozzle of ejecting jetair;

a wind power sorting step (S6) of sorting the crushed material separatedby the metal component separation and collection step (S5) into lightlyfloating “fibrous dust” and a settled crushed material;

a shredding step (S7) of shredding “particulate dust” separated bysettling in the wind power sorting step (S6) into a predetermined size;

a secondary dust collecting step (S8) of collecting the “fibrous dust”generated by the shredding step (S7);

a stirring step (S9) of separating the “fibrous dust” and the“particulate dust” shredded and crushed by the shredding step (S7) whiletapping the dust in a metering feeder by a stirring blade; and

a fibrous dust/particulate dust separation step (S11) of separating thecrushed material shredded by the shredding step (S7) into “fibrous dust”and “particulate dust”,

wherein the “fibrous dust” generated when being separated by each of thecrushing step (S1), the primary dust collecting step (S2), thenon-ferrous component separation and collection step (S4), the windpower sorting step (S6), the secondary dust collecting step (S8), thestirring step (S9), and the fibrous dust/particulate dust separationstep (S11) is collected, and

wherein the “particulate dust” separated by the fibrous dust/particulatedust separation step (S11) is collected.

The shredder dust treatment method further includes:

a treatment step of mixing the “fibrous dust” generated when beingseparated by the crushing step (S1), the primary dust collecting step(S2), the non-ferrous component separation and collection step (S4), thewind power sorting step (S6), the secondary dust collecting step (S8),the stirring step (S9), and the fibrous dust/particulate dust separationstep (S11) with a chlorine neutralizer such as quicklime or hypo andsolidifying the mixture into about a thumb size by a compressing/moldingmachine called a pelletizer or a charcoal production machine in order touse the fibrous dust as household service fuel.

The shredder dust treatment method further includes:

a briquette pressing step (S213) of highly compressing the “fibrousdust” generated when being separated by the crushing step (S1), theprimary dust collecting step (S2), the non-ferrous component separationand collection step (S4), the wind power sorting step (S6), thesecondary dust collecting step (S8), the stirring step (S9), and thefibrous dust/particulate dust separation step (S11) and solidifying thefibrous dust into a predetermined size in order to produce householdservice/industrial fuel as a substitute for coal; and

a sealing step (S214) of sealing the “fibrous dust” in a briquette statesolidified by the briquette pressing step (S213).

The shredder dust treatment method further includes:

a lignin mixing step (S215) of adding lignin to the “fibrous dust”generated when being separated by the crushing step (S1), the primarydust collecting step (S2), the non-ferrous component separation andcollection step (S4), the wind power sorting step (S6), the secondarydust collecting step (S8), the stirring step (S9), and the fibrousdust/particulate dust separation step (S11);

a carbonization step (S216) of solidifying the mixture at a highpressure by the briquette pressing step (S213) and carbonizing themixture; and

a sealing step (S214) of sealing the mixture to produce a coke product.

The shredder dust treatment method further includes:

an organic/inorganic mixing step (S218) of mixing an inorganic materialsuch as clay, sand, slag, and soil, glass, and pottery derived from ASRwith the “fibrous dust” generated when being separated by the crushingstep (S1), the primary dust collecting step (S2), the non-ferrouscomponent separation and collection step (S4), the wind power sortingstep (S6), the secondary dust collecting step (S8), the stirring step(S9), and the fibrous dust/particulate dust separation step (S11) inaddition to iron powder or mill scale;

a briquette pressing step (S213) of highly compressing the “fibrousdust” mixed with iron powder, mill scale, clay, sand, slag, and soil,glass, and pottery derived from ASR by the organic/inorganic mixing step(S218) and solidifying the fibrous dust into a predetermined size toproduce a defoamer used in a converter; and

a sealing step (S214) of sealing the “fibrous dust” changed into thebriquette state by the briquette pressing step (S213).

The shredder dust treatment method further includes:

a briquette pressing step (S213) of highly compressing the “fibrousdust” generated when being separated by the crushing step (S1), theprimary dust collecting step (S2), the non-ferrous component separationand collection step (S4), the wind power sorting step (S6), thesecondary dust collecting step (S8), the stirring step (S9), and thefibrous dust/particulate dust separation step (S11) and solidifying thefibrous dust into a predetermined size;

an iron rod inserting step (S219) of inserting an iron rod into the“fibrous dust” in the briquette state solidified by the briquettepressing step (S213) in a longitudinal direction thereof; and

a sealing step (S214) of sealing the “fibrous dust” in the briquettestate into which the iron rod is inserted by the iron rod inserting step(S219).

The shredder dust treatment method further includes:

a pulverization step (S2110) of pulverizing the “fibrous dust” separatedand collected by the fibrous dust/particulate dust separation step(S11); and

a particle classifying/classifying step (S2111) of performing a particleclassifying/classifying process on the “fibrous dust” pulverized by thepulverization step (S2110) into several stages.

The shredder dust treatment method further includes:

an optical color sorting step (S311) of sorting aluminum scrap from the“particulate dust” separated and collected by the fibrousdust/particulate dust separation step (S11);

an aluminum/polyvinyl chloride separation step (S312) of conveying“particulate dust” changed to have similar properties to those of the“fibrous dust” by eliminating the aluminum scrap from the “particulatedust” by the optical color sorting step (S311) and eliminating polyvinylchloride by a near infrared sensor attachment sorting device to a“fibrous dust” accumulation site;

a briquette pressing step (S313) of highly compressing the “particulatedust” from which aluminum or polyvinyl chloride is eliminated by thealuminum/polyvinyl chloride separation step (S312) and solidifying theparticulate dust into a predetermined size;

a carbonization step (S314) of desalinating the “particulate dust”changed into a briquette state by the briquette pressing step (S313)while carbonizing the particulate dust; and

a sealing step (S316) of sealing the “particulate dust” carbonized bythe carbonization step (S314) in an artificial casing.

The shredder dust treatment method further includes:

a lignin mixing step (S317) which is provided between thealuminum/polyvinyl chloride separation step (S312) and the briquettepressing step (S313) to add lignin corresponding to industrial wastedischarged from a paper making company in plastic, rubber, wood chips,and the like heavier than “fibrous dust”.

The sealing step (S214, S316) can be a vacuum sealing step of performinga sealing process in a vacuum state.

A shredder dust treatment method of using the shredder dust treatmentmethod according to claim 1 or 2 for a treatment of crushing and sortinga coated copper wire using paper, iron, copper, aluminum, rubber,polyvinyl chloride, and other plastic materials corresponding tocontents of ASR as a conducting material, an insulating material, acoating material, and a reinforcing material in waste automobiles, wastehome appliances, and waste office furniture.

A shredder dust treatment device of the invention is a shredder dusttreatment device for sorting metal, non-ferrous metal, and non-metalfrom shredder dust obtained by crushing wastes such as wasteautomobiles, waste home appliances, and waste office furniture andcollecting a useful material, including:

a crusher (10) which crushes the wastes into a predetermined size;

a vibration type dust collector (20) which separates “fibrous dust” froma crushed material crushed by the crusher (10);

an iron component separation and collection device (30, 40) whichseparates and collects an iron component from the crushed material fromwhich the “fibrous dust” is separated by the vibration type dustcollector (20);

a non-ferrous component separation and collection device (50) whichseparates and collects a non-ferrous component of the crushed materialseparated by the iron component separation and collection device (30,40);

a metal detector attachment sorter (60) which sorts metal componentsmainly including as stainless steel and wire harness in the crushedmaterial separated by the non-ferrous component separation andcollection device (50) by using air jet ejected from a nozzle;

a wind power sorting device (70) which sorts the crushed material sortedby the metal detector attachment sorter (60) into “fibrous dust”floating by using wind power and a settled crushed material;

a shredding machine (80) which shreds the crushed material separated bysettling in the wind power sorting device (70) into a particle size of 8mm or less;

a vibration type dust collector (20) which separates “particulate dust”and “fibrous dust” containing a large amount of copper wire or polyvinylchloride from the crushed material shredded into a predetermined size bythe shredding machine (80); and

a metering feeder (90) which separates “fibrous dust” from “particulatedust” of the crushed material from which a copper component is separatedby the vibration type dust collector (20).

The vibration type dust collector (20) includes:

a supply port (201) which supplies a crushed material pulverized by thecrusher (10),

a suction pipeline (202) which is disposed toward a top of the supplyport (201),

a disturbing member (203) which is provided in the course of the suctionpipeline (202) to disturb the suction of the crushed material other than“fibrous dust”,

a zigzag pipeline (204) which is disposed toward a bottom of the supplyport (201) and includes a plurality of bends in a pipeline, and

vibration generation means (205) for vibrating the entire device.

The vibration type dust collector (20) can be further provided with anultrasonic wave irradiation device for easily separating the wireharness stuck to the porous organic material of the crushed material.

The wind power sorting device (70) includes:

a pipeline body (701) through which an air stream flows from a bottom toa top,

an inlet (703) which opens to a top of a branch pipeline (702) providedin the course of the pipeline body (701) and through which the crushedmaterial is input,

a rotation blade (704) which is attached between the inlet (703) and thebranch pipeline (702) to keep air-tightness of the pipeline body (701),

an upper discharge port (706) which discharges “fibrous dust” to anupper portion of the pipeline body (701), and

a lower discharge port (705) which discharges a settled crushed materiallike “particulate dust” to a lower portion.

The metering feeder (90) includes:

a cylindrical body (902) which has a cylindrical shape and includes ahigh-speed stirring blade (901 a) and a low-speed stirring blade (901 b)provided as two upper and lower stages at a lower portion and rotatinghorizontally,

an inlet (903) which is provided in a periphery or an upper portion ofthe cylindrical body (902) and through which a crushed material isinput,

an upper discharge port (904) which is provided on a side opposite tothe inlet (903) of the cylindrical body (902) to open upward anddischarges “fibrous dust” having a light weight in the crushed material,

a lower discharge port (905) which is provided in a periphery or a lowerportion of the cylindrical body (902) and discharges a crushed materialheavier than the separated fibrous dust, and

a partition plate (906) which is provided between the inlet (903) for acrushed material and the upper discharge port (904) for fibrous dust ofthe cylindrical body (902) so that dust heavier than fibrous dust is notsucked from the upper discharge port (904),

wherein the high-speed stirring blade (901 a) rotates at a high speed ascompared with the low-speed stirring blade (901 b) at the lower portionand “fibrous dust” is separated from “particulate dust” heavier than“fibrous dust” while the dust is tapped by the high-speed stirring blade(901 a).

The shredder dust treatment device further includes:

a device which inserts mill scale corresponding to iron scrapscontaining an iron component and falling off from a surface in a rollingstep or the like of a steel plant into an artificial casing by pushingthe mill scale thereinto using a briquette pressing machine and asealing device and has a combination of a screw conveyor provided in avertical shaft to insert a material and a pusher provided in ahorizontal shaft only to insert mill scale falling off while beingpushed by the screw conveyor so that the mill scale is inserted into anartificial casing or an empty can.

Effects of the Invention

Since the shredder dust treatment method and the shredder dust treatmentdevice of the invention are a method and a device that perform atreatment by using a device sucking only “fibrous dust” having a volumefive times or more other types of dust in all of crushing, shredding,and sorting steps (devices) of the related art, it is possible tolargely decrease the amount of “fibrous dust” in a pulverizing step(S10), a turbo mill (100), a separation step (S11), or an air table(120). Accordingly, it is possible to improve the treatment capacity ofthe entire plant by about four times or more as compared with therelated art without increasing the size of the plant even when the typeof device of each of the shredding, pulverizing, and separating steps ofthe related art is changed to a more efficient type.

“Fibrous dust” can be used as a fuel for a thermal power plant, as areducing agent for blast furnaces and electric furnaces, and as adefoamer for converters as soon as the dust passes through steps ofsolidification, sealing, and raising the bulk density. “Particulatedust” can be also processed into various valuable materials as in“fibrous dust” without making a big investment to “particulate dust”just disposed in the past as a treatment method by using an opticalsensor attachment aluminum sorter or a near infrared sensor attachmentpolyvinyl chloride separator or adding a carbonization step and adesalination step.

Since the shredder dust treatment method of the invention can bedirectly used in a plant that crushes and sorts coated copper wiresusing the contents of ASR such as paper, iron, copper, aluminum, rubber,polyvinyl chloride, and other plastic materials in waste automobiles,waste home appliances, and waste office furniture as the conductingmaterial, the insulating material, the coating material, and thereinforcing material, its versatility is high.

In the fueling line of the shredder dust treatment device of theinvention, since there is a sealing step for the artificial casing,there is no need to invest in machinery for the process of separatelyusing high temperature or applying high pressure to solidify or there isno need to spend running costs for operating it.

When ASR derived products produced by the shredder dust treatment deviceof the invention are used as fuel or reducing agents in electricfurnaces that exceed the blast furnaces by the number of facilitiescompared to the blast furnaces and the converters, the ASR can beconsumed even when the ASR does not go to local production and localconsumption sites. Accordingly, the transportation distance involvedwith the national scale ASR will be shorter. The shortening of thetransportation distance has the effect of reducing the CO₂ emittedduring the transportation process.

In addition, according to a calculation by Japanese public agencies, itis possible to expect about 11% reduction in CO₂ emissions simply byreplacing 50% of the amount of coke used in the electric furnace withwaste plastic. There are also various products that use ASR derived“fibrous dust” and “particulate dust” that have polyurethane as a maincomponent produced according to the invention. Further, since “fibrousdust” and “particulate dust” from which polyvinyl chloride has beeneliminated are carbon-free fuels, they have the effect of reducing CO₂emissions. Therefore, even if carbon tax is introduced in the future,carbon tax may not be paid. Secondary benefits that can be accepted inthe future can be also expected.

Since the ASR derived product produced by the shredder dust treatmentdevice of the invention has very low contamination of chlorine (around0.5%) and copper, the amount of dioxin generated is extremely lowcompared to when ASR is directly used in blast furnaces, electricfurnaces, and converters. As a result, when the fuel, reducing agent,and defoamer produced by the invention are used in the steel makingprocess, the monitoring system for dioxin and chlorine and coppercontent will be much simpler than before. Lowering the chlorine content(such as polyvinyl chloride) contained in the materials input to theblast furnace, converter, and electric furnace as much as possible notonly eliminates the need for excess dioxin treatment facilities, butalso reduces the cost of replacing and treating the desalting agent.Creating high-quality ASR derived organic products is a technologysystem that achieves not only environmental load reduction but alsopublicity, wide area, and convenience.

By passing the mixed waste of polyurethane, plastic, and cloth which arecurrently discharged as industrial waste and simply incinerated andlandfilled through the crushing, sorting, and dust absorption treatmentsteps of the invention together with the input material of theinvention, final combustible chlorine content of “fibrous dust” can bereduced to 0.3% or less (equivalent to RPF A product).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a working flowchart showing a basic embodiment of a shredderdust treatment method of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a working flowchart showing a “fibrous dust” treatment line ofthe shredder dust treatment method of the first embodiment, where (a)shows a household service fueling treatment line, (b) shows anindustrial fueling treatment line, (c) shows a coke production treatmentline, and (d) shows a defoamer production treatment line.

FIG. 3 is a working flowchart showing the “fibrous dust” treatment lineof the shredder dust treatment method of the first embodiment, where (e)shows a defoamer treatment line and (f) shows a recycled part materialproduction treatment line.

FIG. 4 is a working flowchart showing a coal production treatment lineof a “particulate dust” treatment line (a) of the shredder dusttreatment method of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a working flowchart showing a coke production treatment lineof the “particulate dust” treatment line (b) of the shredder dusttreatment method of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of a shredder dusttreatment device of a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration view showing a rotation blade and afixed blade of a crusher, where (a) is a front view and (b) is anenlarged view of the rotation blade and a holder.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing avibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dust collector.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration view showing an arrangement ofhomopolar magnets of an automatic non-ferrous separator.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic configuration view showing an air jetejection device of a metal detector attachment sorting device, where (a)shows an air jet ejection device of the invention and (b) shows aconventional air jet ejection device for comparison.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing aV-shaped wind power sorting device.

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing a“fibrous dust” collector attachment metering feeder.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing aturbo mill.

FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing acyclone.

FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing an airtable separating aluminum.

FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration view showing a hairy copperseparation circular vibration sieve in a partially notched state.

FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration view showing a neodymium magnetdrum, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of a treatmentdevice of a “fibrous dust” treatment line, where (a) shows a householdservice fueling treatment line, (b) shows an industrial fuelingtreatment line, and (c) shows a coke production treatment line.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of the treatmentdevice of the “fibrous dust” treatment line, where (d) shows a defoamerproduction treatment line, (e) shows a defoamer production treatmentline, and (f) shows a recycled part material production treatment line.

FIG. 20 is a front view showing one arrangement example of eachtreatment device of the fueling treatment line.

FIG. 21 is a schematic configuration view showing a briquette pressingmachine.

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing (a) a coal production treatment lineof a basic embodiment of a treatment device of a “particulate dust”treatment line.

FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing (b) a coke production treatment lineof a basic embodiment of the treatment device of the “particulate dust”treatment line.

FIG. 24 is a side view showing one arrangement example of each treatmentdevice.

FIG. 25 is a side view schematically showing a material circulationcircuit attachment optical color sorting device.

FIG. 26 is a front view schematically showing the material circulationcircuit attachment optical color sorting device.

FIG. 27 is a working flowchart showing a conventional general shredderdust treatment method.

FIG. 28 is a working flowchart showing a conventional automobileshredder dust treatment method.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A shredder dust treatment method of the invention is a treatment methodof crushing wastes such as waste automobiles, waste home appliances, andwaste office furniture, separating organic residue remaining afterextracting valuable materials such as copper, aluminum, or iron fromresidue (shredder dust) obtained by eliminating valuable materials suchas metal scraps into two types of “fibrous dust” and “particulate dust”,and reusing them as useful industrial resources.

First Embodiment

FIG. 1 is a working flowchart showing a basic embodiment of a shredderdust (ASR or SR) treatment method of a first embodiment.

A shredder dust treatment method of the first embodiment is to crushwastes such as waste automobiles, waste home appliances, and wasteoffice furniture, sort valuable materials such as metal and non-ferrousmetal from the crushed material, and change organic residue (non-metalscraps) generally corresponding to industrial waste into usefulmaterials.

<Main Treatment Line of Shredder Dust Treatment Method>

A shredder dust treatment method of the first embodiment includes thefollowing treatment steps. This method is a treatment method whichmainly includes a crushing step (S1), a primary dust collecting step(S2), an iron component separation and collection step (S3), anon-ferrous component separation and collection step (S4), a metalcomponent separation and collection step (S5), a wind power sorting step(S6), a shredding step (S7), a secondary dust collecting step (S8), anda step (S11) of mainly separating copper but also separating “fibrousdust” and “particulate dust” corresponding to a main raw material usedfor fueling.

This treatment method is a treatment method which mainly includes first,second, and third treatment steps. This treatment method is a treatmentmethod of performing a plurality of serial crushing operations,gradually decreasing the particle diameter of the shredder dust,separating valuable materials such as metal and non-ferrous metal fromthe crushed material, collecting metal scraps, and processing theremaining residue into useful industrial materials.

As the first treatment step, (1) a first crushing step (a crushing step(S1)), (2) a step (a primary dust collecting step (S2)) of separatingand collecting fibrous dust from a first crushed material, (3) a step(an iron component separation and collection step (S3), a non-ferrouscomponent separation and collection step (S4), and a metal componentseparation and collection step (S5)) of separating and collecting metalfrom the first crushed material, and (4) a step (a wind power sortingstep (S6)) of separating and collecting fibrous dust from the firstcrushed material are provided.

As the second treatment step, (5) a step (a shredding step (S7)) ofperforming a second crushing (shredding) process and (6) a step (asecondary dust collecting step (S8) and a stirring step (S9)) ofseparating and collecting fibrous dust from the second crushed materialare provided.

As the third treatment step, (7) a step (a pulverizing step (S10)) ofperforming a third crushing (pulverizing) process, (8) a step (a fibrousdust/particulate dust separation step (S11)) of separating andcollecting fibrous dust and particulate dust from the third crushedmaterial (the pulverized material), and (9) a step (a hairy copperseparation and collection step (S12), a secondary metal componentseparation and collection step (S13), a hairy copper separation andcollection step (S31), and an aluminum sorting step (S32)) of separatingmetal from the third crushed material (the pulverized material) areprovided.

Further, as will be described later, this includes a treatment method ofprocessing a remaining residue into a useful industrial material.

(10) A step of solidifying, carbonizing, sealing, and fueling fibrousdust and (11) a step of solidifying, desalinating, carbonizing, sealing,and fueling particulate dust are provided.

The crushing step (S1) is a treatment step of crushing wastes such aswaste automobiles, waste home appliances, and waste office furniture. Inthe crushing step (S1), wastes such as waste automobiles, waste homeappliances, and waste office furniture are crushed by using a crusher(10) to be described later. The particle diameter of the crushedmaterial (the shredder dust) is set to 25 mm or less. “Fibrous dust” oflight weight generated at this time is sucked and collected. In thetreatment method of the first embodiment, the crushed material, forexample, the crushed material (the shredder dust) is conveyed to thenext step by using the same conveyor as the screw conveyor. “Fibrousdust” of light weight in the crushed material is conveyed to the nextstep by an air conveying operation using, for example, a pipeline sothat floating dust in a factory is reduced as much as possible.

In the crushed material which is treated in the crushing step (S1),“fibrous dust” is mainly sucked by the next primary dust collecting step(S2). In the primary dust collecting step (S2), the crushed material inthe crushing step (S1) is separated into floating “fibrous dust” and acrushed material (particulate dust) heavier than “fibrous dust” byusing, for example, a vibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dustcollector (20). The crushed material from which several % of “fibrousdust” in weight ratio is separated is conveyed to the next step. Theprimary and secondary terms mean the order of the processes in the sametreatment steps. The same applies to the following.

The crushed material which is treated in the primary dust collectingstep (S2) is treated in the next iron component separation andcollection step (S3). In the iron component separation and collectionstep (S3), an iron component is separated and collected from the crushedmaterial in the primary dust collecting step (S2) by using, for example,a suspended magnetic separator attachment vibration conveyor (30) (seeFIG. 6 ). Further, an iron component is separated and collected from thecrushed material of the primary dust collecting step (S2) by using amagnet drum A (40) (see FIG. 6 ). The crushed material from which aniron component is separated is conveyed to the next step.

The crushed material which is treated in the iron component separationand collection step (S3) is treated in the next non-ferrous componentseparation and collection step (S4). In the non-ferrous componentseparation and collection step (S4), a non-ferrous component and an ironcomponent are further separated and collected from the crushed materialfrom which an iron component is separated in the crushing step (S1). Thelight “fibrous dust” generated at this time is sucked and collected. Thecrushed material from which the non-ferrous component is separated isconveyed to the next step.

The crushed material which is treated in the non-ferrous componentseparation and collection step (S4) is treated in the next primary metalseparation and collection step (S5). In the primary metal separation andcollection step (S5), stainless steel or wire harness which is mainlyrecognized as metal and cannot be separated by the automatic non-ferrousseparator is sorted and collected by, for example, a metal detectorattachment sorter (an air jet type) (60) (see FIG. 6 ) to be describedlater. The crushed material from which stainless steel or wire harnessis sorted and collected is conveyed to the next step. A purpose ofseparating stainless steel is to protect the blade of the crushingmachine of the shredding step (S7) from chipping and premature wear.

The crushed material which is treated in the primary metal separationand collection step (S5) is treated in the next wind power sorting step(S6). In the wind power sorting step (S6), the crushed material(particulate dust) which does not float and is heavier than “fibrousdust” to thereby settle down and floating “fibrous dust” are separatedand collected by using, for example, a V-shaped wind power sortingdevice (70) (see FIG. 6 ) to be described later. The crushed materialfrom which “fibrous dust” is separated to some extent is conveyed to thenext step.

The crushed material which is treated in the wind power sorting step(S6) is treated in the next shredding step (S7). In the shredding step(S7), the crushed material which is separated to settle down by the windpower sorting step (S6) is shredded into a predetermined size. Theparticle diameter after the crushing operation is 8 mm or less. Thecrushed material which is shredded into a predetermined size is conveyedto the next step.

The crushed material which is treated in the shredding step (S7) istreated in the next secondary dust collecting step (S8). In thesecondary dust collecting step (S8), heavy dust and floating fibrousdust are separated from the crushed material obtained in the crushingstep (S1) of separating the crushed material shredded in the shreddingstep (S7) into “fibrous dust” and “particulate dust” by using, forexample, the above-described vibration type zigzag pipeline attachmentdust collector (20), so that “fibrous dust” is separated and collected.The crushed material from which several % of “fibrous dust” in weightratio is separated is conveyed to the next step. Since the specificgravity of “fibrous dust” is ⅕ or less of “particulate dust”, fibrousdust which is five times the volume of “particulate dust” is sucked.

The crushed material which is treated in the secondary dust collectingstep (S8) is treated in the next stirring step (S9). In the stirringstep (S9), for example, the crushed material (particulate dust) formedas lumps in the secondary dust collecting step (S8) is dissolved byusing a metering feeder (90) (see FIG. 6 ) and “fibrous dust” generatedwhen the crushed material is input to the metering feeder (90) or isstirred is caused to float. Fibrous dust which floats at that time isseparated so that several % of “fibrous dust” is separated andcollected. The dispersed debris (particulate dust rich material) isconveyed to the next step. Furthermore, since the stirring step (S9)uniformly discharges debris (particulate dust rich material) at aconstant amount, this step is also referred to as a quantitative supplystep.

The crushed material which is treated in the stirring step (S9) istreated in the next pulverizing step (S10). In the pulverizing step(S10), the crushed material (particulate dust) which is dispersed in thestirring step (S9) by using, for example, the turbo mill is pulverizedand the generated “fibrous dust” is caused to float. The pulverizedcrushed material (particulate dust) is conveyed to the next step.

The next step of the pulverizing step (S10) is the fibrousdust/particulate dust separation step (S11) of separating “fibrous dust”and “particulate dust” from each other. In the fibrous dust/particulatedust separation step (S11), the remaining “fibrous dust” which cannot beseparated in the treatment steps by using, for example, a large airtable (120) (see FIG. 6 ) to be described later is separated andcollected and “particulate dust” is collected while being separated froma copper component. The crushed material from which the “fibrous dust”and the copper component are separated is conveyed to the next step.

The crushed material which is treated in the fibrous dust/particulatedust separation step (S11) is treated in the next hairy copperseparation and collection step (S12). In the hairy copper separation andcollection step (S12), a thin copper wire having a diameter of 0.5 mm orless called hairy copper and largely remaining in “particulate dust” isseparated and collected by using a hairy copper separation circularvibration sieve (130) (see FIG. 6 ). The crushed material from which thehairy copper is separated is conveyed to the next step.

The crushed material which is treated in the hairy copper separation andcollection step (S12) is treated in the next secondary metal componentseparation and collection step (S13). In the secondary metal componentseparation and collection step (S13), a magnetic material (mainlystainless SUS304 or delicate iron fragments having a diameter of 5 mm orless) is collected while being separated from the copper wire by using amagnet drum B (140). By this treatment, the operation of the maintreatment line of the shredder dust ends.

“Fibrous dust” which is separated and collected in the crushing step(S1), the primary dust collecting step (S2), the non-ferrous componentseparation and collection step (S4), the wind power sorting step (S6),the secondary dust collecting step (S8), and fibrous dust/particulatedust separation step (S11) is treated by a “fibrous dust” treatment step(S21) to be described later. The “fibrous dust” is mainly a porouspolyurethane resin containing aluminum dust in air bubbles (see Table1).

Further, “fibrous dust” which is separated and collected in the fibrousdust/particulate dust separation step (S11) is treated by a hairy copperseparation and collection step (S31), an aluminum sorting step (S32),and a “particulate dust” treatment step (S33) to be described later. The“particulate dust” is mainly rubber, wood, heavy hard plastics, cablecoverings containing polyvinyl chloride, and the like.

<“Fibrous Dust” and “Particulate Dust”>

“Fibrous dust” is a material with a high content of aluminum as shown inthe metal element analysis table of Table 1. The next highest contentrate is iron. In contrast, the copper content is very low. That is,“fibrous dust” which has a high content of aluminum and iron amongpolyethylene and metal elements will have very suitable properties as areducing agent (deoxidizing material) for blast furnaces and electricfurnaces as it is. This elemental metal analysis is a measurement resultobtained by a company specializing in analysis by a qualitative analysismethod using an X-ray fluorescence analyzer.

TABLE 1 X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS (QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS⁹²U TO ¹¹Na)RELATIVE AMOUNT DETECTED ELEMENTS

 VERY MUCH Al

 MUCH Fe

 MODERATE Zn, Si, Mg + LITTLE Sn, Ag, Cl, S, P (+) VERY LITTLE Zr, Cu,Ni, Mn, Cr, V, Ti, Ca, K

“Particulate dust” is a material that is heavier than polyurethane,plastic, and the like and is made of rubber, wood chips, sheetmaterials, wire coverings materials, polyvinyl chloride, aluminum, andthe like. After polyvinyl chloride for generating combustible chlorineis eliminated or chlorine in the constituents of polyvinyl chloride isvaporized, charcoal or pulverized coal is produced and used by using acarbonization device using a heat source of a high frequency or acombustion of a city gas. Charcoal and pulverized coal can be used as asubstitute fuel for coal and pulverized coal used in thermal powerplants and municipal incinerators, as a reducing agent for blastfurnaces and electric furnaces, or as a raw material for gasificationreforming furnaces.

<“Fibrous Dust” Treatment Line of Shredder Dust Treatment Method>

FIG. 2 is a working flowchart showing a “fibrous dust” treatment line ofthe shredder dust treatment method of the first embodiment, where (a)shows a household service fueling treatment line, (b) shows anindustrial fueling treatment line, (c) shows a coke production treatmentline, and (d) shows a defoamer production treatment line. FIG. 3 is aworking flowchart showing a “fibrous dust” treatment line of theshredder dust treatment method of the first embodiment, where (e) showsa defoamer production treatment line and (f) shows a recycled partmaterial production treatment line.

“Fibrous dust” which is separated by the crushing step (S1), the primarydust collecting step (S2), the non-ferrous component separation andcollection step (S4), the wind power sorting step (S6), the secondarydust collecting step (S8), and the fibrous dust/particulate dustseparation step (S11) is collected and is treated by the next treatmentsteps.

<Configuration of (a) Household Service Fueling Treatment Line>

As shown in FIG. 2(a), the household service fueling treatment lineincludes a chlorine neutralizer mixing step (S211) and a solidificationstep (S212). The chlorine neutralizer mixing step (S211) is a treatmentstep of neutralizing chlorine in fibrous dust using slaked lime (calciumhydroxide), hypo (sodium thiosulfate), and the like. The solidificationstep (S212) is a treatment step of solidifying the fibrous dust using apelletizer, a charcoal making device, or the like so as to be easy tohandle as a solid fuel.

Pellets and charcoal of “fibrous dust” generated by these treatmentsteps can be used as fuel for household and industrial fireplaces andoutdoors. These can be used as an ODA aid to African countries that haveno fuel and are decertified from converting trees into fuel.

<Configuration of (b) Industrial Fueling Treatment Line>

As shown in FIG. 2(b), the industrial fueling treatment line includes abriquette pressing step (S213) and a sealing step (S214). The briquettepressing step (S213) is a treatment step of highly compressing “fibrousdust” separated and collected by the crushing step (S1), the primarydust collecting step (S2), the non-ferrous component separation andcollection step (S4), the wind power sorting step (S6), the secondarydust collecting step (S8), the stirring step (S9), and the fibrousdust/particulate dust separation step (S11) to become a predeterminedsize. The sealing step (S214) is a treatment step of sealing “fibrousdust” in a briquette state solidified by the briquette pressing step(S213). The sealing step (S214) can be set as a vacuum sealing step ofperforming a sealing process in a vacuum state. Briquettes of “fibrousdust” generated by these treatment steps can be used as fuel. Briquettescan also be used as a substitute for coal, and as a reducing agent forblast furnaces and electric furnaces.

<(c) Coke Production Treatment Line>

As shown in FIG. 2(c), the coke production treatment line includes alignin mixing step (S215) of mixing “fibrous dust” with lignin (woodenmaterial) which is unwanted by-product after using cellulose inpapermaking and is discarded in large quantities from paper makingcompanies, a briquette pressing step (S213), a carbonization step(S216), a desalination step (S217), and a sealing step (S214).

This is a treatment line that produces coke substitutes used in blastfurnaces and cupolas (melting furnaces) from “fibrous dust” mixed withlignin (wooden material).

<(d) Converter Defoamer Production Treatment Line>

As shown in FIG. 2(d), the converter defoamer production treatment lineincludes an organic/inorganic mixing step (S218) of mixingorganic/inorganic materials such as iron powder, mill scale, clay, slag,sand, and glass, soil, and pottery derived from ASR, a briquettepressing step (S213), and a sealing step (S214). This is a treatmentstep of mixing iron powder, mill scale, clay, sand, and glass and soilderived from ASR with “fibrous dust” separated and collected by thecrushing step (S1), the non-ferrous component separation and collectionstep (S4), the primary dust collector (S2), the wind power sorting step(S6), the secondary dust collecting step (S8), the stirring step (S9),and the fibrous dust/particulate dust separation step (S11). Theorganic/inorganic mixing step (S218) is a treatment step for mixinginorganic materials such as iron powder, clay, sand, slag, and soil,glass, and pottery derived from ASR to increase bulk density. Thebriquette pressing step (S213) is a treatment step of highly compressing“fibrous dust” into a predetermined size. The sealing step (S214) is atreatment step of sealing “fibrous dust” in a briquette state solidifiedby the briquette pressing step (S213) into an artificial casing.Briquettes of “fibrous dust” generated by these treatment steps can beused as a converter defoamer.

In order to increase bulk density and perform a sealing process, thereis also a method of packing “fibrous dust” into an iron pipe or caninstead of an artificial casing and closing both ends although theinside cannot be made vacuum. Such a sealing method has an advantagethat the sealed container itself has the effect of increasing the bulkdensity and hence the amount of other additives can be reduced oreliminated.

<(e) Converter Defoamer Production Treatment Line>

As shown in FIG. 3(e), the defoamer production treatment line includes abriquette pressing step (S213), an iron rod inserting step (S219), and asealing step (S214). The briquette pressing step (S213) is a treatmentstep of highly compressing “fibrous dust” separated and collected by thecrushing step (S1), the primary dust collecting step (S2), thenon-ferrous component separation and collection step (S4), the windpower sorting step (S6), the secondary dust collecting step (S8), thestirring step (S9), and the fibrous dust/particulate dust separationstep (S11) to become a predetermined size. The iron rod inserting step(S219) is a treatment step of opening a longitudinal hole about the“fibrous dust” in the briquette state solidified by the briquettepressing step (S213) during the briquette pressing step (S213) andinserting a commercial soft iron rod into the hole. The sealing step(S214) is a treatment step of sealing the “fibrous dust” in thebriquette state solidified by the briquette pressing step (S213). Sincebriquettes of “fibrous dust” generated by these treatment steps can alsoincrease the bulk density to about 1.8 to 2, the briquettes can be alsoused as a converter defoamer.

Instead of the sealing treatment with the artificial casing, fibrousdust with a soft iron rod inserted in a pipe or can may be filled upwith both ends closed. The advantages created by the sealing method areas described in the previous section.

<(f) Recycled Part Material Production Treatment Line>

As shown in FIG. 3(f), the recycled part material production treatmentline includes a pulverization step (S2110) and a particleclassifying/classifying step (S2111). The pulverization step (S2110) isa treatment step of pulverizing “fibrous dust” separated and collectedby the fibrous dust/particulate dust separation step (S11). The particleclassifying/classifying step (S2111) is a treatment step of performing aparticle classifying/classifying process on “fibrous dust” pulverized bythe pulverization step (S2110) into several stages. The briquettes of“fibrous dust” generated by these treatment steps can be heated to beapplied to the surface after being stretched flat to make a recycledpart material such as a vacuum heat insulating material, a packingmaterial, and a cushioning material.

<“Particulate Dust” Treatment (a) Line and Coal Production TreatmentLine>

FIG. 4 is a working flowchart showing (a) a coal production treatmentline of a “particulate dust” treatment line of the shredder dusttreatment method of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a working flowchartshowing (b) a coke production treatment line of the “particulate dust”treatment line of the shredder dust treatment method of the firstembodiment.

“Particulate dust” of a crushed material which is heavier than “fibrousdust” and is separated by the fibrous dust/particulate dust separationstep (S11) is collected and is treated in the next treatment steps. The“particulate dust” treatment line includes an optical color sorting step(S311), an aluminum/polyvinyl chloride separation step (S312), abriquette pressing step (S313), a carbonization step (S314), adesalination step (S315), and a sealing step (S316).

The optical color sorting step (S311) is a treatment step of sortingaluminum from “particulate dust” separated and collected by the fibrousdust/particulate dust separation step (S11). The aluminum/polyvinylchloride separation step (S312) (see FIGS. 25 and 26 ) using a nearinfrared sensor is a device of separating polyvinyl chloride in fineparticles of 6 mm or less by a sorting device using a near infraredsensor. The briquette pressing step (S313) is a treatment step of highlycompressing “particulate dust” into a predetermined size. Thecarbonization step (S314) is a treatment step of easily using that dustas fuel by carbonization. The sealing step (S316) is a treatment step ofsealing “particulate dust” in a briquette state solidified by thebriquette pressing step (S313). By the sealing step (S316), the dust canbe used as a substitute for coal. Further, the dust can be used as areducing agent for a blast furnace or an electric furnace as asubstitute for coke. The sealing step (S316) can be set as a vacuumsealing step. The treatment operation ends now.

This desalination step (S315) eliminates a chlorine gas generated in thecourse of the carbonization step (S314) when polyvinyl chloride is notcompletely eliminated by the near infrared sensor and remains in“particulate dust”. In the case of a desalination device using a sodiumsolution, a salt combined with chlorine (NaCl) can be used as anindustrial salt. The treatment operation ends now.

<“Particulate Dust” Treatment (b) Line and Coke Production TreatmentLine>

The coke production treatment line of FIG. 5(b) is a line which producescoke from “particulate dust” of the heavy crushed material. Thisproduction line is the same as the coal production line except that cokeis produced as a reducing agent and only a “lignin mixing step (S317)”is added between the aluminum/polyvinyl chloride separation step (S312)and the briquette pressing step (S313). The lignin mixing step (S317) isa treatment step of mixing “fibrous dust” with lignin (wooden material)which is unwanted by-product after using cellulose in papermaking and isdiscarded in large quantities from paper making companies.

In the shredder dust treatment method of the invention, when the numberof dust collectors and the dust collecting capacity of “fibrous dust”corresponding to the biggest factor that conventionally refused toincrease the treatment capacity are increased, the amount of “fibrousdust” conveyed to the fibrous dust/particulate dust separation step(S11) (the air table) can be decreased to 15 to 25%. Then, when thecrusher is changed to the turbo mill, the treatment capacity of theentire plant can be increased four times while the installation area andthe facility cost are maintained almost the same. As other effects,since “fibrous dust” contains a large amount of light organiccombustible materials such as polyurethane and plastic, the dust can beused as a substitute for coal required as a large amount and can be alsoused as a reducing agent for a blast furnace or an electric furnace or adefoamer for a converter. In this way, this dust can be used as new fuelresources for a household or industrial purpose required with a largedemand. When “particulate dust” containing a large amount of rubber,plastic, or wood chips is subjected to a desalinating or carbonizingtreatment, a use method (charcoal, pulverized coal, and coke production)more than “fibrous dust” is obtained. Furthermore, when the shredderdust is treated by this method, inorganic glass, soil, or potterycontained therein is pulverized into powder by a turbo mill and entersbubbles of polyurethane. It will eventually be a slag produced as aby-product of the steelmaking process. Since slag is already used forconcrete aggregate and the like, glass, soil, pottery, and the like donot actually become a residue that requires landfill disposal.

With such a treatment method, since transportation costs to transportinorganic residues to landfill sites, vehicle purchase costs, andlandfill disposal costs are not necessary, a great cost reduction effectis obtained. Further, also in the field of licensing, there is also anadvantage that there is no need to separately acquire a license as atrader handling soil, sand, and glass waste.

Second Embodiment

<Configuration of Shredder Dust Treatment Device>

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of a shredder dusttreatment device of a second embodiment.

A basic embodiment of the shredder dust treatment device will bedescribed.

The shredder dust treatment device of the second embodiment isconstituted by the following devices and equipment. This treatmentdevice mainly includes a crusher (10), a vibration type zigzag pipelineattachment dust collector (20), a suspended magnetic separatorattachment vibration conveyor (30), a magnet drum A (40), an automaticnon-ferrous separator (50), a metal detector attachment sorter (60) (ofan air jet type), a V-shaped wind power sorting device (70), a shreddingmachine (80), a vibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dust collector(20), and a metering feeder (90). The above-described devices arearranged in this order.

Further, a large turbo mill (100), a cyclone (110), and a large airtable (120) are sequentially arranged after the metering feeder (90).Those containing a copper component after the large air table (120)sequentially pass through a hairy copper separation vibration sieve(130) and a magnet drum B (140) (small neodymium). Meanwhile, thosecontaining a pulverized material (particulate dust) after the large airtable (120) sequentially pass through the hairy copper separationvibration sieve (130) and an aluminum sorting air table (150).

Meanwhile, “fibrous dust” which is separated and collected by thecrusher (10), the vibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dustcollector (20), the automatic non-ferrous separator (50), the V-shapedwind power sorting device (70), the shredding machine (80), the meteringfeeder (90), the cyclone (110), and the large air table (120) iscollected by, for example, a bag filter attachment dust collector (160).Then, the dust is treated by the treatment devices of the “fibrous dust”treatment line to be described later.

<Configuration of Crusher>

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration view showing a rotation blade and afixed blade of a crusher, where (a) is a front view and (b) is anenlarged view of the rotation blade and the holder.

The crusher (10) is a treatment device which is used in theabove-described crushing step (S1) and is a device for crushing wasteinto a predetermined size. The crusher (10) shown in the example has arotation blade (102) attached to a single-axis rotor (101) and a fixedblade (104) attached to a main body (103). Waste disposed between therotation blade (102) and the fixed blade (104) is crushed. As shown inthe drawing, it is supposed to use a half-shaped triangular part of alarge square blade. Since this rotation blade has a thickness of 25 mm,the blade can be re-polished several times by 2 to 3 mm each to athickness of 15 mm. Since only the half Δ of the square is used forcrushing, the life until polishing is also after using the diagonal ∇.That is, the life of one blade is twice as long as that of thetriangular blade even if the thickness and the length of two sides andthe material are the same.

Since shredder dust, especially SR from chairs of ASR and waste officefurniture, is a bulky material that contains a large amount of metal aswell as soft, spring-back polyurethane, and plastic along with the metalpiece, it has a feature that it is a material that cannot easilyincrease the production volume.

The angle of the long side of the rotation blade (102) of the crusher(10) is 90° and the triangular parts of the rotation blade (102) and thefixed blade (104) are disposed to be engaged to cut or shear thematerial. Although the rotation blade (102) of the crusher (10) has anangle of a cut surface of the blade of 90° at which chipping is lesslikely to occur, since the rotation blade is attached to the holder ofthe rotor (101) in a downward triangular shape, the fixed blade (104) isan array of a plurality of triangular cutting edges which cut bypressing a material between the aligned triangular cutting edges.

In the crusher (10) of the invention, each rotation blade (102) is notattached in a linear shape in the longitudinal direction of the rotor(101) and is arranged in an arc shape in the longitudinal direction ofthe rotor (101). The rotation blade (102) at both ends of the rotor(101) in the rotation direction first engages with each fixed blade(104) having a linear shape so that a crushed material does not escapeand then the rotation blade (102) at the center portion of the rotor(101) engages with each fixed blade (104) having a linear shape.

In the case of a cutting method by the crusher (10), even if thematerial is a soft and spring-back material such as polyurethane andplastic, a sharp end of the rotation blade (102) can roll up the softmaterial without escape and cut the material efficiently. Further, ascompared with the conventional crusher in which the cutting edges of therotation blade linearly arranged as in the related art and the cuttingedges of the fixed blade linearly arranged in the same manner engage inparallel with each other, since the rotation blade (102) and the fixedblade (104) of the invention engage with each other in a differentconfiguration, there is an advantage that the material can be crushedfinely as compared with the conventional crusher by one cutting.Furthermore, the crushing efficiency of the input material is greatlyinfluenced not only by the size (25 mm diameter) of the hole in thelower grid but also by the shape and size of the blade. The shape of theblade used in the invention is 80×80×25 mm in order to crush thematerial as finely as possible.

Since the rotation blade (102) of the crusher (10) of the invention canfix two sides of four sides of a rectangular parallelepiped shape to theinverse L-shaped holder (105) attached to the rotor (101) as shown inFIG. 7(b), the blade can be fixed or replaced only by one bolt (106).With such a configuration, it is possible to remarkably easily replace acutting blade and to largely shorten the time taken for a bladepositioning or replacing operation. In the conventional crusher, anoperator was on the rotating rotor (101) and was performing a bladereplacement operation. However, in the case of the crusher (10) used inthe invention, there is an advantage that an operator can immediatelyand safely replace a blade while manually rotating the rotor (101) in aplatform appearing when the operator opens a housing. This is useful formaintenance after installation.

Since SR including ASR contains many hard metal pieces such as stainlesssteel and alloy steel, it is better to be 90° so that the cutting edgeis not easily chipped (that is, it does not fly). To easily replace thefixed blade or the rotation blade which is frequently replaced is a veryimportant factor in the crusher maintenance.

<Configuration of Vibration Type Zigzag Pipeline Attachment DustCollector>

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing avibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dust collector.

The vibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dust collector and thevibration type dust collector (20) are devices which are used in theabove-described fibrous dust/particulate dust separation step (S11). Thevibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dust collector and thevibration type dust collector (20) are devices including a supply port(201) which supplies a crushed material pulverized by the crusher (10),a suction pipeline (202) which is disposed toward a top of the supplyport (201), a disturbing member (203) that is a rotation blade or thelike provided in the course of the suction pipeline (202) and kicks offa crushed material other than “fibrous dust”, a zigzag pipeline (204)which is disposed toward a bottom of the supply port (201) and includesa plurality of bends in a pipeline, and a vibration generation damperwhich is vibration generation means (205) for vibrating the entiredevice.

In the vibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dust collector and thevibration type dust collector (20), light “fibrous dust” in the crushedmaterial supplied from the supply port (201) is sucked to the suctionpipeline (202) and is sucked to a dust collector. In contrast, thecrushed material which is slightly heavier than “fibrous dust” movingupward along a gentle rising air stream falls downward by the disturbingmember (203) and is settled on the lower portion of the zigzag pipeline(204) along with other heavy dust and heavy dust is conveyed to the nextstep by the conveyor (206).

The zigzag pipeline (204) is slightly vibrated up to down and right toleft by the vibration generation damper (205). The vibration type zigzagpipeline attachment dust collector and the vibration type dust collector(20) eliminate a wire harness tangled in polyurethane as much aspossible, send other heavy dust to the next step while dropping themdownward in the zigzag pipeline (204), and have a volume reduction(quantitative reduction) effect of reducing the amount of ASR and SR.Further, the zigzag pipeline body (204) and the suction pipeline (202)at the upper portion thereof are coupled to each other by an elastic“bellows-shaped” connection tool (208) formed of rubber. This is toprevent the vibration of the zigzag pipeline (204) from beingtransmitted to the upper fixed part.

“Fibrous dust” including polyurethane, plastic, and the like collideswith a wall inside the zigzag pipeline (204) while falling inside thezigzag pipeline (204) and the micro vibration of the zigzag pipeline(204) itself causes the coated copper wire (the wire harness) or thefine heavy material to deviate from polyurethane and the polyurethanebecomes lighter. The light polyurethane is sucked from the suctionpipeline (202) into the dust collector.

The cross-shaped windmill disturbing member (203) attached to a portionconnected to the suction pipeline (202) located at the upper portion ofthe zigzag pipeline (204) has a function of preventing polyvinylchloride and copper from going to the dust collector by tapping off thecopper wire or hairy copper with a PVC coating stuck to the “fibrousdust” rising from below.

The air volume control valve (the damper) (207) (see FIG. 6 ) isattached to the suction pipeline (202) connected to the dust collectorhas a structure in which an air volume from the outside of a ductbecomes the same as suction ability, which can be adjusted manually, sothat polyurethane involved with the wire harness is not sucked to thedust collector.

Furthermore, falling ASR can be irradiated with an ultrasonic waveemitted from the bottom of the zigzag pipeline (204) (not shown). Anultrasonic wave can be emitted from a side surface or a lower portion ofthe zigzag pipeline (204) to the primary crushed ASR falling downthrough the zigzag pipeline so that the wire harness stuck topolyurethane easily peels off.

The suspended magnetic separator attachment vibration conveyor (30) isdisposed next to the vibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dustcollector (20). In the suspended magnetic separator attachment vibrationconveyor (30), the crushed material is conveyed to the next magnet drumA (40) while being vibrated. A suspended magnetic separator is installedon the suspended magnetic separator attachment vibration conveyor (30)and an iron component is separated from the crushed material (theshredder dust) by the suspended magnetic separator.

In the magnet drum A (40), an iron component is further separated fromthe remaining crushed material by a magnetic force. Next, the crushedmaterial is conveyed to the automatic non-ferrous separator (50).

<Configuration of Automatic Non-Ferrous Separator>

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration view showing an automaticnon-ferrous separator.

The automatic non-ferrous separator (50) is a 40-pole automaticnon-ferrous separator which uses neodymium-based homopolar magnets asshown in the drawings. The performance of the automatic non-ferrousseparator (50) is a separator in which N poles (S01) and S poles (S02)are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction. As thenumber of homopolar magnets increases, the sorting ability ofnon-ferrous separators increases and fine nonferrous metals can beseparated. The separable size is up to 5 mm in diameter with theconventional 24 poles and it is possible to separate up to around 1 mmof non-ferrous waste in 40 poles shown in the example.

Since the automatic non-ferrous separator (50) separates nonferrousmetals as much as possible and separates stainless steel with thefollowing treatment, there is an effect of reducing the chipping andwear of the shredding machine (80) and the turbo mill (100) to aconsiderable extent.

<Configuration of Metal Detector Attachment Sorting Device>

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic configuration view showing an air jetejection device of a metal detector attachment sorting device, where (a)shows an air jet ejection device of the invention and (b) shows aconventional air jet ejection device for comparison.

A metal detector attachment sorter (60) is a device having a combinationof a metal detector and an air jet ejection device. In the air jetejection device (60), the distance between the nozzles (602) in thepipeline (601) is decreased to 12.5 mm which is a half of the distancebetween the conventional nozzles. As shown in the drawings, the distancebetween the air jet nozzles (602) arranged horizontally in theconventional sorting device was 25 mm, but the air jet ejection device(60) of the invention has the distance of 12.5 mm. According to themetal detector attachment sorting device (60) of the invention, since itis possible to more finely eliminate metal, there is an effect ofreducing a load of a high-speed crusher such as a shredding machine or aturbo mill or a blade wear rate after the elimination.

<Configuration of V-Shaped Wind Power Sorting Device>

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing aV-shaped wind power sorting device.

The V-shaped wind power sorting device (70) is disposed next to themetal detector attachment sorting device. The V-shaped wind powersorting device (70) includes a pipeline body (701) through which an airstream flows upward from below and a branch pipeline (702) which isprovided in the course of the pipeline body (701). A crushed material isinput from an inlet (703) which opens and closes the upper portion ofthe branch pipeline (702) by the rotation of the rotor valve. A largerotary valve (704) is attached between the inlet (703) and the branchpipeline (702) so as to keep the air tightness of the pipeline body(701). The rotary valve (704), that is, the rotation blade has a roleof, when the crushed material is wound into the pipeline body (701),dropping the crushed material in such a manner that the pressure in theV-shaped wind power sorting device (70) does not drop. It is possible toseparate light material such as polyurethane and plastic in the shredderdust by using wind power flying upward from the lower portion of thebranch pipeline (702). Since it is possible to reduce the amount ofbulky materials such as polyurethane or plastic flowing to the next stepby 15 to 25% using the V-shaped wind power sorting device (70), there isan effect of largely reducing a load on the turbo mill or the air tableafter the next step.

A lower portion of the pipeline body (701) of the V-shaped wind powersorting device (70) is provided with a lower discharge port (705) whichsettles and discharges heavy crushed materials (particulate dust). Anupper portion of the pipeline body (701) is provided with an upperdischarge port (706) which discharges “fibrous dust”.

Since the V-shaped wind power sorting device (70) sucks “fibrous dust”from the upper discharge port (706) of the pipeline body (701), light“fibrous dust” in the crushed material input from the inlet (703) can besucked into the upper discharge port (706) from the branch pipeline(702) of the pipeline body (701). Meanwhile, the heavy crushed materialsettles down against an air stream and falls to the lower discharge port(705) of the pipeline body (701).

In the V-shaped wind power sorting device (70), since the rotary valve(704) keeps the air tightness inside the pipeline when a crushedmaterial is input to the inlet (703), no turbulence is generated in thepipeline body (701). Then, “fibrous dust” is smoothly separated to theupper portion of the pipeline body (701) and the crushed material(particulate dust) is smoothly separated to the lower portion of thepipeline body (701). Accordingly, both of them can be moved to the nexttreatment device.

<Configuration of Shredding Machine>

The shredding machine (80) is disposed next to the V-shaped wind powersorting device (70). The shredding machine (80) is a machine whichfurther crushes a material, obtained by eliminating metals from amaterial crushed into 25 mm or less by the crusher (10), into 8 mm orless.

The vibration type zigzag pipeline attachment dust collector (20) isdisposed next to the V-shaped wind power sorting device (70) and theshredding machine (80). In the vibration type zigzag pipeline attachmentdust collector (20), “fibrous dust” in debris is separated from amaterial or dust heavier than “fibrous dust”.

<Configuration of Metering Feeder>

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing ametering feeder.

The metering feeder (90) used for the stirring step (S9) is disposednext to the V-shaped wind power sorting device (70) and the shreddingmachine (80). The metering feeder (90) is a treatment device with acylindrical body (902) including a high-speed stirring blade (901 a)which rotates horizontally and a low-speed stirring blade (901 b) whichis provided below the high-speed stirring blade (901 a) to rotatehorizontally. The high-speed stirring blade (901 a) is formed as, forexample, a blade such as a chain and has a function of mainly mixingfibrous dust and dust heavier than the fibrous dust. The low-speedstirring blade (901 b) has a function of mainly discharging heavy dust.

In the cylindrical body (902), a treatment device includes an inlet(903) which is provided in the periphery or the upper portion of thecylindrical body (902) so that a crushed material is input thereto, anupper discharge port (904) which is provided at an upper portion of thecylindrical body (902) to open upward and discharges light “fibrousdust” in debris, and a lower discharge port (905) which is provided inthe periphery or the lower portion of the cylindrical body (902) anddischarges debris heavier than the separated “fibrous dust”. Further, apartition plate (906) is provided between the inlet (903) and the upperdischarge port (904) so that dust heavier than “fibrous dust” is notsucked from the upper discharge port (904).

In the metering feeder (90), when debris is input to the inlet (903),debris is mixed by the upper high-speed stirring blade (901 a). Whenlight “fibrous dust” floats and is sucked from the upper discharge port(904), “fibrous dust” is sucked and discharged to the upper dischargeport (904) along with air sucked from the air port (907) correspondingto a small hole opening in the periphery of the cylindrical body (902).Meanwhile, the heavy crushed material (particulate dust) does not floatand is discharged to the lower discharge port (905) by the rotation ofthe lower low-speed stirring blade (901 b), so that the crushed materialcan be moved to the next treatment device.

This metering feeder (90) is a treatment device which reduces the amountof “fibrous dust” going to the post line similarly to the zigzagpipeline attachment dust collector (20).

<Configuration of Turbo Mill>

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing aninterior of a turbo mill.

The turbo mill (100) which is used in the pulverizing step (S10) isdisposed next to the metering feeder (90). Here, when the conventionalshredding machine is changed to the turbo mill, the treatment abilityper hour/unit can be largely increased to 3 tons/hour corresponding totwo times 1.5 tons/hour achieved so far. When two turbo mills areprovided, since the treatment ability per hour is 6 tons, the treatmentamount becomes 42 tons/day in the case of operation of 7 hours per day.Then, it is possible to treat 1,000 tons in one month (25 days).Although the motor horsepower is the same such that the conventionalcrusher is 160 kW/unit and the turbo mill (100) of the invention is 132kW (83%), but there is a double difference in throughput. Accordingly,the amount of electricity applied to 1 kg of the crushing/shreddingtreatment drops to 1/2.5. This turbo mill (100) has a CO₂ reductioneffect.

The shredding machine has been doubled in the treatment ability bychanging a conventional machine used to reduce the size to 6 mm or lessto a high-speed turbo mill. Although the rotation blade is slightlysmaller than that of the related art, a rectangular parallelepiped shapehaving the same cutting edge as that of the related art such that thecutting edge has an angle of 90° is used so that the cutting edge doesnot fly or early wear does not occur due to metal scraps. The shredderdust pulverizing operation is performed by the friction between arotation blade (1001) and an unevenness (1002) of an inner wall of amain body of the turbo mill (100). The particle size of the pulverizingis determined by adjusting a gap (clearance) between the rotation bladeand the unevenness of the inner wall of the turbo mill. A difference inproduction capacity between the conventional crusher (330 rpm/min) andthe corresponding turbo mill (1,500 rpm/min) is a difference between anordinary car and an F1 race car equipped with a turbo engine. Theinventor of the invention first suggested to use the turbo mill(pulverizer) of this type in the shredder dust pulverizing operation.

<Configuration of Cyclone>

FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing acyclone.

The cyclone (110) is disposed next to the turbo mill (100) in order tofurther collect “fibrous dust”. The cyclone (110) having a configurationshown in the drawings is used. Accordingly, the heavy crushed materialsettles down and the floating “fibrous dust” is collected to the upperportion and is sent to the main dust collector (160). The cyclone (110)is used to eliminate “fibrous dust” in the treatment device of theinvention as much as possible in order to reduce a load of the air table(120) similarly to other dust collectors. The rotary valve attached tothe lower portion of the cyclone is a device used to prevent a problemin which external air enters the cyclone and suction ability decreaseswhen metal scraps such as copper, aluminum, and iron heavier than“fibrous dust” or other “particulate dust” are discharged from the lowerportion of the cyclone.

<Configuration of Large Air Table>

FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration cross-sectional view showing an airtable.

The large air table (120) which is used in the fibrous dust/particulatedust separation step (S11) to separate copper, aluminum, or iron isdisposed next to the cyclone (110). In the large air table (120),“fibrous dust” which cannot be separated by the treatment devices isseparated and collected and “particulate dust” is also separated andcollected at the same time. A trapezoidal hood (1203) having a suctionport (1201) provided at an upper portion and a pulverized material inlet(1202) provided in the vicinity of the suction port and an air table(1205) having a plurality of injection ports (1204) opening below thehood (1203) are disposed in an inclined state and the air table (1205)is vibrated while air is injected upward from the injection ports (1204)of the air table (1205). When a pulverized material is dropped onto thesurface of the air table (1205), heavy copper can be moved to theoblique upper side of the inclined air table (1205) and “particulatedust” lighter than copper can be moved to the oblique lower side of theinclined air table (1205). Floating “fibrous dust” is sucked from thesuction port (1201) and is collected by the main dust collector (160).

<Configuration of Hairy Copper Separation Circular Vibration Sieve>

FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration view showing a hairy copperseparation circular vibration sieve in a partially notched state.

The hairy copper separation circular vibration sieve (130) used in thehairy copper separation and collection step (S12, S31) is disposed nextto the large air table (120). The hairy copper separation circularvibration sieve (130) is a device for separating hairy copper from other“particulate dust” since a thin copper wire (hairy copper) still remainsmuch in “particulate dust”.

In the hairy copper separation circular vibration sieve (130), a metalplate (1304 b) is placed under one fine-grained wire mesh (1304 a) inthe course of the cylindrical portion (1303) continuously formeddownward from an upper inlet (1302) of a funnel-shaped sieve body(1301). A plurality of stainless steel spherical oscillators (1305) aresandwiched between the wire mesh (1304 a) and the metal plate (1304 b)in a freely bouncing state. The diameter of the mesh hole of the wiremesh (1304 a) is changed to be separated into thick copper and hairycopper or “particulate dust” and hairy copper and the copper isdischarged from a side discharge port (1306) and a side discharge port(1307) of the sieve body (1302). Furthermore, it is also possible todivide the thickness of the hairy copper by changing the size of themesh of the wire mesh and attaching the wire mesh to plural sheets ormultiple layers. The vibration generator is provided inside the sievebody (1301).

Since the oscillator (1305) vigorously bounces between the wire mesh(1304 a) and the metal plate (1304 b) in accordance with the vibrationof the sieve body (1301), the clogging of the mesh hole of the wire mesh(1304 a) does not occur.

<Configuration of Neodymium Magnet Drum>

FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration view showing a neodymium magnetdrum, where FIG. 17(a) is a front view and FIG. 17(b) is across-sectional view.

A neodymium magnet drum (140) is disposed next to the hairy copperseparation circular vibration sieve (130). A piece of iron mixed in athick copper wire cannot be completely eliminated with a normal magneticmagnet drum because the iron piece has a thin and elongated shape but isslightly larger than the diameter of copper (approximately half the sizeof rice grain). Therefore, the neodymium magnet drum (140) has aconfiguration in which a neodymium magnet (1402) is attached at fourpositions of a cylindrical roll body (1401) in the longitudinaldirection and protrusions (1403) are formed at four positions in thelongitudinal direction of the roll body (1401) between the neodymiummagnets (1402). The iron piece is easily wound under the magnet drum(140) while iron pieces mixed with thick copper are stuck to the drum.Since the iron piece is wound below the magnet drum (140), copper can bedropped to the front side of the magnet drum (140) and the iron piececan be dropped to a belt conveyor (not shown) below the magnet drum(140).

<Configuration of Treatment Device of “Fibrous Dust” Treatment Line>

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of a treatmentdevice of a “fibrous dust” treatment line, where (a) shows a householdservice fueling treatment line, (b) shows an industrial fuelingtreatment line, and (c) shows a coke production treatment line. FIG. 19is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of a treatment device of a“fibrous dust” treatment line, where (d) shows a defoamer productiontreatment line, (e) shows a defoamer production treatment line, and (f)shows a recycled part material production treatment line. FIG. 20 is aschematic configuration view showing a briquette pressing machine usedin an industrial fueling treatment line.

As shown in FIG. 18(a), a treatment device which is used in a householdservice fueling treatment line includes a mixer (210) which mixes“fibrous dust” with demineralizer and a pelletizer (220) which performsa small solidifying operation.

For household use, slaked lime or hypo is mixed with “fibrous dust” forthe purpose of neutralizing chlorine and the mixed one is solidifiedinto a size of a thumb so that the mixed one is used as fuel forhousehold heaters and outdoor. By mixing a strong adhesive binder(binding agent) with “fibrous dust”, it is also possible to use acharcoal production machine as a solidification device in addition tothe pelletizer (220).

As shown in FIG. 18(b), the industrial fueling treatment line includes abriquette pressing machine (230) and a sealing device (240). Thebriquette pressing machine (230) for solidification naturally becomeslarge for industrial applications where the amount required isincomparably higher than that for household use. A solidified materialis sealed so that the material does not change and the handling is easy.The industrial briquette pressing machine (230) and the sealing device(240) are disposed in the same order as shown in FIG. 20 . The briquettepressing machine (230) is a treatment device which solidifies “fibrousdust”, separated and collected by the above-described treatment device,into a predetermined size by striking a material while converting theforce of the rotating flywheel into a compressive force. The sealingdevice (240) is a treatment device which seals “fibrous dust” solidifiedby the briquette pressing machine (230) in an artificial casing, an ironpipeline, an empty can, or the like. When the artificial casing is usedin the sealing device (240), it is possible to add a function ofperforming a vacuum sealing operation after tightly packing “fibrousdust” in the artificial casing by using a material compressing force ofthe briquette pressing machine (230). Sealed briquettes of “fibrousdust” produced by this operation can be used as a substitute for coal oras a reducing agent for blast furnaces and electric furnaces.

<Configuration of Briquette Press Machine>

FIG. 21 is a schematic configuration view showing a briquette pressingmachine used in an industrial fueling treatment line.

The briquette pressing machine (230) used to solidify “fibrous dust” isreferred to as a mechanical briquette pressing machine as shown in FIG.21 and is a treatment device which performs a compressing andsolidifying operation by rapidly striking a material by a hammer using aforce of a flywheel (2302) rotated by an electric motor (2301) insteadof a hydraulic motor. The reason why the mechanical briquette pressingmachine (230) is used is because the electric energy consumption amountof the electric motor (2301) is as inexpensive as about ⅓ of that of ahydraulic screw compression briquette pressing machine. The CO₂emissions will also be lower than that of the hydraulic screwcompression briquette pressing machine to the same degree. Further, inthe case of the hydraulic screw compression briquette pressing machine,there is also a disadvantage that replacement and maintenance of wearparts such as screws and hydraulic parts are expensive.

The briquette pressing machine (230) is a machine usually used for thepurpose of solidifying organic materials such as waste wood and papersludge or hard waste plastic for fuel. In the invention, this machine isused to solidify fibrous dust such as polyurethane and plastic that havea high spring-back force (return force) even in acrushed/shredded/pulverized state. For that reason, the disadvantage oflow bulk density of the final briquette product is inevitable. In orderto supplement that defect, “fibrous dust” solidified by the briquettepressing machine (230) is inserted into a cylindrical artificial casing(usually used for casing of salami or ham) so as not to be deformed byusing the following sealing device (240), air is evacuated, and bothends are closed by aluminum wires to become a packed state (or a vacuumpacked state).

<Configuration of Sealing Device>

As shown in FIG. 20 , the sealing device (240) is also used to preventthe deformation of “fibrous dust” compressed by the briquette pressingmachine (230). In the sealing device (240), the solidified dust isinserted into an artificial casing of a predetermined diameter (forexample, about 70 to 85 mm in diameter) in the course of the conveyingpipeline using the material conveying power of the briquette pressingmachine and aluminum clasps are tightened on both sides of the casing.Since “fibrous dust” is further compressed and solidified by the vacuumpack of the sealing device (240) and the automatic clasp clipping device(commonly called a clipper), the dust does not chip or scatter even ifthe dust is dropped from the height of 5 m which is a strength standardrequired by steel makers.

At the same time, since the inside of the casing is anoxic due to thevacuum pack, there is an advantage that the risk of spontaneous ignitionin the inventory is extremely low. It is also possible to use ironproducts such as thin pipes and empty cans as artificial casings insteadof artificial casings. Although the degree of vacuum decreases, it hasthe effect of increasing the bulk density and strengthening the strengthof the compressed product.

<Configuration of Treatment Device of (c) Coke Production Treatment Lineof “Fibrous Dust”>

A treatment device of a coke production treatment line is a cokeproduction line which includes a mixer (210) which mixes “fibrous dust”with lignin, a briquette pressing machine (230), a carbonization device(250), a desalination device (260), and a sealing device (240) as shownin FIG. 18(c).

<Configuration of Treatment device of (d) Converter Defoamer TreatmentLine of “Fibrous Dust”>

As shown in FIG. 19(d), the defoamer production treatment line is atreatment device including an inorganic mixer (270) which mixesinorganic materials such as iron powder, clay, sand, slag, and soil,glass, and pottery derived from ASR with shredder dust such as ASR whileadjusting the bulk density to 1.8 to 2.0, a briquette pressing machine(230), and a sealing device (240). These are arranged in this order.This inorganic mixer (270) is a treatment device which mixes inorganicmaterials such as iron powder, clay, sand, slag, and soil, glass, andpottery derived from ASR to increase the bulk density. The briquettepressing machine (230) is a treatment device which highly compresses“fibrous dust” separated and collected by the above-described treatmentdevice into a predetermined size. The sealing device (240) is atreatment step of sealing “fibrous dust” in a briquette state solidifiedby the briquette pressing machine (230). Briquettes of “fibrous dust”generated in this way can be used as a converter defoamer since the bulkdensity due to the above-described additives is 2 or more.

<Configuration of Treatment Device of (e) Converter Defoamer TreatmentLine of “Fibrous Dust”>

As shown in FIG. 19(e), the treatment device of the second defoamerproduction treatment line is a treatment device including a briquettepressing machine (230) and a sealing device (240). In this treatmentline, an iron rod is inserted into a center of a solidified product inthe longitudinal direction in order to increase the bulk density of“fibrous dust” solidified in a cylindrical shape of a predetermined sizeby the briquette pressing machine (230) from 1.8 to 2. Briquettes of“fibrous dust” generated in this way can be used as a converterdefoamer. Furthermore, a hole through which the iron rod is inserted canbe automatically formed by the briquette pressing machine (230) used inthe invention.

Here, the reason why a material obtained by cutting a commercial ironrod is inserted into “fibrous dust” in a briquette state (solidifiedstate) is because the bulk density needs to be increased as describedabove. Furthermore, the iron rod used here is different from iron powdergenerated from shot brass and iron powder of which properties andcomponents are not constant and discharged from an electric furnace anda blast furnace. For example, a standard mild steel manufacturedaccording to the JIS standard of 10 to 20 mm in diameter and 50 to 200mm in length is used. Thus, when the iron rod manufactured based on theJIS standard is used as a material to increase the specific gravity ofthe defoamer, the final component of the “fibrous dust” becomes clearer.Accordingly, there is an advantage that the quality of the finalbriquette product produced also can be calculated by steel makers tosome extent.

Further, in the case of iron rods, briquette products produced in thisway can be secured at a required amount when desired and stable pricethat cannot be expected from industrial waste. Control of the specificgravity of the final product is also easy and accurate. In the case ofthe defoamer of the invention, the inside of the casing is in a stateclose to a vacuum state since air is evacuated from the casing. Even ifit is stored, there is no risk of fire caused by an exothermic reaction.Furthermore, the thickness and length of the iron rod inserted in thesolidified “fibrous dust” can be changed if necessary.

The first element required for the converter defoamer is high calorie.The number of calories of “fibrous dust” is about 7,000 kcal/kg asdescribed above. The next element required for the defoamer is a bulkdensity of 1.8 or more. In the case of “fibrous dust”, the combustiblechlorine content that causes dioxins is also 0.5% or less (0.34 to0.71%) and the copper content is already low at 0.5% or less. However,the combustible chlorine content can be further reduced (0.3% or less:equivalent to RPF A product) while passing through the desalinationdevice (260) or sodium water after rapid cooling of the exhaust gas.

Since industrial waste that has been incinerated and landfilled withoutbeing effectively used at present is obtained by passing polyurethanewaste along with the input material of the invention through thecrushing, sorting, and dust collecting treatment steps of the invention,the combustible chlorine content can be reduced to 0.3% or less withoutcausing deterioration in final quality of “fibrous dust”.

<Configuration of Treatment Device of (f) Recycled Part MaterialProduction Treatment Line of “Fibrous Dust”>

As shown in FIG. 19(f), the recycled part material production treatmentline is a treatment facility mainly including a pulverizer (280) and aparticle classifier/classifier (290). These are arranged in this order.This pulverizer (280) is a treatment device which pulverizes “fibrousdust”. The particle classifier and classifier (290) is a treatmentdevice which performs a particle classifying/classifying operation on“fibrous dust” pulverized by the pulverizer (280). The “fibrous dust”generated in this way can be used as a vacuum heat insulating material,a packing material, a cushioning material, and a recycled part material.

<Configuration of “Particulate Dust” Treatment Device>

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing (a) a coal production treatment lineof a basic embodiment of the treatment device of the “particulate dust”treatment line. FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing (b) a coke productiontreatment line of a basic embodiment of the treatment device of the“particulate dust” treatment line. FIG. 24 is a side view showing onearrangement example of each treatment device.

<Configuration of Treatment Device of (a) Coal Production Treatment Lineof “Particulate Dust”>

As shown in FIG. 22(a), the treatment device of (a) the coal productiontreatment line is a treatment device mainly including a circulation typeoptical color sorting device (310), a near infrared sensor sortingdevice (320), a briquette pressing machine (330), a carbonization device(340), a desalination device (350), and a sealing device (360). As shownin FIG. 24 , these are arranged in this order. The circulation typeoptical color sorting device (310) is a treatment device which sortsaluminum from “particulate dust”. The briquette pressing machine (330)is a treatment device which compresses “particulate dust” separated andcollected by the above-described treatment device into a predeterminedsize. The carbonization device (340) is a treatment device whichcarbonizes “particulate dust” so that the dust is easily used as fuel.

However, since “particulate dust” passing through the near infraredsensor sorting device (320) of an air jet type using a near infraredsensor so that polyvinyl chloride is removed contains no chlorine orcontains only a small amount of chlorine after aluminum scrap iseliminated by the circulation type optical color sorting device (310),the particulate dust can be conveyed to the “fibrous dust” accumulationsite and be processed into various fuels while being mixed with fibrousdust.

The dust can be used as a substitute for coal by the sealing device(360). Further, the dust can be used as a reducing agent for a blastfurnace or an electric furnace. The sealing device (360) can be set as avacuum sealing device which performs a vacuum sealing operation. Atreatment operation ends now.

Further, “particulate dust” which is treated by the carbonization device(340) can be used as an industrial salt in the case of using a sodiumsolution by removing polyvinyl chloride contained therein using thedesalination device (350).

<Configuration of Material Circulation Circuit Attachment Optical ColorSorting Device>

FIG. 25 is a side view schematically showing a material circulationcircuit attachment optical color sorting device. FIG. 26 is a plan viewschematically showing the material circulation circuit attachmentoptical color sorting device.

As shown in the drawings, the material circulation circuit attachmentoptical color sorting device (the circulation type optical color sortingdevice) (310) is a treatment device which collects aluminum scrap. Inthe air table (120), “particulate dust” such as rubber, wood chips, hardplastic, copper wire coating (polyvinyl chloride), and aluminum which isheavier than polyurethane and cannot be sucked by a dust collector isdischarged. In order to collect aluminum scrap contained therein, theoptical color sorting device (310) that blows away a material of aspecific color by jet air is used. Since this device has a function ofcirculating the same lot of “particulate dust” three times, the leakageis very small even with a fine particle size under 5 mm.

<Configuration of Near Infrared Sensor Sorting Device>

FIGS. 25 and 26 are side and front views showing the near infraredsensor sorting device (320) which separates polyvinyl chloride using anear infrared sensor as well as the material circulation circuitattachment optical color sorting device (the circulation type opticalcolor sorting device) (310). A difference between the two devices isonly whether they use an optical sensor or a near infrared sensor. Inthis device, polyvinyl chloride is separated from “particulate dust” bybeing blown away by high-pressure air injected from an air jet nozzle asin the case of the aluminum scraps as shown in FIG. 25 .

<Configuration of Carbonization Device>

A high frequency generator or the carbonization device (340) using acity gas is used in order to extract and carbonize combustible chlorinecaused by PVC contained in “particulate dust” in shredder dust (about20% of the total weight of waste automobiles in the case of ASR).Constituent materials of “particulate dust” are wood chips, rubber, hardplastic, cloth scraps, polyvinyl chloride, other wire coveringmaterials, and sheet materials. This dust contains about 10 to 12% ofpolyvinyl chloride which generates combustible chlorine at a hightemperature. Naturally, this cannot be used as it is as a fuel forincineration or as a binder for defoamer. Therefore, the carbonizationdevice (340) is used in a solidification line.

The carbonization device (340) uses a high frequency generator or a citygas as a heat source for carbonization. By using the carbonizationdevice (340), a material solidified by the briquette pressing machine(330) is carbonized while being steamed and baked in the course of theconveying pipeline. When the carbonized “particulate dust” is insertedinto a semi-transparent casing in a vacuum packed state, the particulatedust can be used as alternative fuel of pulverized coal or coal to beburned in a thermal power plant or a municipal incinerator or a reducingagent for a blast furnace or an electric furnace.

Furthermore, it is needless to say that the carbonization device (340)is used to process “fibrous dust” into charcoal or pulverized coal.

<Desalination Device of Combustible Chlorine Gas>

The desalination device (350) is a treatment device which eliminatescombustible chlorine caused by polyvinyl chloride contained in“particulate dust”. Combustible chlorine is generated due to polyvinylchloride contained in “particulate dust” in the course of the conveyingpipeline which is heated by heat from a high frequency or a city gas.Therefore, since a hole is formed in the conveying pipeline at aposition separated by about 20 cm from a carbonization position in thetraveling direction, a pipeline is connected to that position in orderto release a gas such as combustible chlorine or steam vapor. Then, thegas passes through a gas discharge pipeline and is guided to thedesalination device (350) or a container filled with sodium solution. Inthe container, combustible chlorine combines with sodium to becomeindustrial salt and accumulates at the bottom of the container. Theremaining steam vapor or gas is directly discharged to the outside.

<Configuration of Treatment Device of (b) Coke Production Treatment Lineof “Particulate Dust”>

As shown in FIG. 23(b), in the treatment device of (b) the cokeproduction treatment line, the production line is a treatment device inwhich a lignin mixer (370) is added between the briquette pressingmachine (330) and the near infrared sensor sorting device (320) forseparating polyvinyl chloride except for the production of coke as areducing agent. There is no difference from the above-described coalproduction line.

In the shredder dust treatment device of the invention, it is possibleto improve the treatment capacity of the entire plant by newly addingone used outside the metal scrap industry or a sole invented “fibrousdust” collector at six positions in front of the large air table (120)of the crushing and sorting line. In particular, “fibrous dust” or“particulate dust” is caused to pass through a pipeline having a lengthof about 20 to 30 m in order to perform a cooling operation or increasea bulk density as much as possible after the solidification in thebriquette pressing machine (230, 330). Then, in the course of thepipeline, a material of the briquette pressing machine is inserted intoa special artificial casing while using a pressing force, is carbonizedby the carbonization device (250, 340), and is sealed or vacuum-sealedby the sealing device (240, 360), thereby producing high-quality fuelfor a thermal power plant, a defoamer for an electric furnace, or areducing agent or coke for a blast furnace or an electric furnace. Sinceboth dusts are combustible and contain gasoline and oil, there is aneffect of preventing ignition and deterioration of the material bysealing them.

In the case of the household service fuel, slaked lime (calciumhydroxide) or hypo (sodium thiosulfate) is added to neutralize thecombustible chlorine content remaining slightly in the “fibrous dust”,and then the dust is placed in a pelletizer to be solidified into thesize of a thumb, and can be used as fuel for household and commercialstoves and outdoors.

<Treatment Object (Coated Copper Wire Crushing and Sorting Treatment)>

The shredder dust treatment method and the shredder dust treatmentdevice of the invention can be directly used in a plant that crushes andsorts coated copper wires using the contents of ASR such as paper, iron,copper, aluminum, rubber, polyvinyl chloride, and other plasticmaterials in waste automobiles, waste home appliances, and waste officefurniture as the conducting material, the insulating material, thecoating material, and the reinforcing material. The configuration of theplant is as shown in the above-described drawings and the fuelingprocess is as shown in each of FIG. 2 and subsequent drawings.

For example, it has become impossible to replace utility poles with newones in Tokyo. From now on, an electric wire undergrounding operationwill progress unavoidably not only in Tokyo but nationwide. All wireswhich are currently used while being supported by the utility pole willbe discarded after the removal thereof. Waste cables covered with hardcoating for outdoor use will inevitably flow to the recycling market inlarge quantities. Since coated copper wires cannot be exported to Chinafrom March 2018, this waste must be processed domestically. Even in sucha case, if there is a plant combined with the treatment machine of theinvention, the waste can be treated in large quantities without anyproblem.

Therefore, the shredder dust treatment method and the shredder dusttreatment device of the invention correspond to a technique that greatlycontributes to the treatment of coated copper wire discarded in largequantities.

<Treatment Object (Mill Scale Solidifying Treatment)>

Wastes containing iron that falls off from the surface during therolling process of the electric furnace is called mill scale. Also inthe invention, as described above, the mill scale is described as anadditive for increasing the bulk density in the reducing agent/defoamerproduction line of FIG. 2(d). This mill scale contains about 70% of thehighly ignitable iron oxide (FeO). At present, an iron component isseparated by a magnet, becomes reduced iron and sintered steel of ablast furnace, and is used as a material equivalent to pig iron and as amaterial for rust prevention. Since an iron oxide will not come incontact with oxygen in the air when the briquette pressing machine (230)and the sealing device (240) used in the invention are used, thepossibility of spontaneous combustion can be significantly reduced. Atpresent, blast furnaces and electric furnace makers, and scrapers aretrying to solidify the dust, but no good result is obtained. No goodresult is obtained also in the solidifying method of applying a highpressure by using “fibrous dust” as a binder without using the vacuumsealing system of the invention.

However, in the case of sorted iron oxide, it is more economical andrational to directly insert the dust into the artificial casing used inthe invention and to solidify the dust in a vacuum sealed state. Millscale can be directly used as a reducing agent for a blast furnace.Therefore, mill scale is pressed and inserted into the artificial casingby using the briquette pressing machine (230) and the sealing device(240) of the invention. Here, a combination of a screw conveyor disposedin a vertical axis to insert a material and a pusher disposed in ahorizontal axis only to insert mill scale falling off from the screwconveyor while being pushed into an artificial casing can be simplyused.

Furthermore, there is no need for a screw conveyor or pusher if the millscale (iron oxide) falls into an artificial casing or empty can bygravity and is sealed therein. In the case of the artificial casing, thefilled mill scale is sealed by a clipper. In the case of the empty can,the mill scale becomes a reducing agent or steelmaking subsidiarymaterial only when a cover is closed.

Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the above-describedembodiments of the invention as long as “fibrous dust” or “particulatedust” corresponding to simple wastes in the past can be used asresources and the treatment ability can be improved and can be, ofcourse, modified into various forms without departing from the spirit ofthe invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The shredder dust treatment method of the invention can be used, notbeing limited to waste automobiles, waste home appliances, and wasteoffice furniture, in other industrial machines.

REFERENCE NUMERALS

-   -   S1 CRUSHING STEP    -   S2 PRIMARY DUST COLLECTING STEP    -   S3 IRON COMPONENT SEPARATION AND COLLECTION STEP    -   S4 NON-FERROUS COMPONENT SEPARATION AND COLLECTION STEP    -   S5 PRIMARY METAL COMPONENT SEPARATION AND COLLECTION STEP    -   S6 WIND POWER SORTING STEP    -   S7 SHREDDING STEP    -   S8 SECONDARY DUST COLLECTING STEP    -   S9 STIRRING STEP    -   S10 PULVERIZING STEP (TURBO MILL)    -   S11 FIBROUS DUST/PARTICULATE DUST SEPARATION STEP    -   S12 HAIRY COPPER SEPARATION AND COLLECTION STEP    -   S13 SECONDARY METAL COMPONENT SEPARATION AND COLLECTION STEP    -   S21 FIBROUS DUST TREATMENT STEP    -   S31 HAIRY COPPER SEPARATION AND COLLECTION STEP    -   S32 ALUMINUM SORTING STEP    -   S33 PARTICULATE DUST TREATMENT STEP    -   S211 CHLORINE NEUTRALIZER MIXING STEP    -   S212 SOLIDIFICATION STEP    -   S213 BRIQUETTE PRESSING STEP    -   S214 SEALING STEP    -   S215 LIGNIN MIXING STEP    -   S216 CARBONIZATION STEP    -   S217 DESALINATION STEP    -   S218 ORGANIC/INORGANIC MIXING STEP    -   S219 IRON ROD INSERTING STEP    -   S2110 PULVERIZATION STEP    -   S2111 PARTICLE CLASSIFYING/CLASSIFYING STEP    -   S311 OPTICAL COLOR SORTING STEP    -   S312 ALUMINUM/POLYVINYL CHLORIDE SEPARATION STEP    -   S313 BRIQUETTE PRESSING STEP    -   S314 CARBONIZATION STEP    -   S315 DESALINATION STEP    -   S316 SEALING STEP    -   10 CRUSHER    -   20 VIBRATION TYPE DUST COLLECTOR    -   30 SUSPENDED MAGNETIC SEPARATOR ATTACHMENT VIBRATION CONVEYOR    -   40 MAGNET DRUM A    -   50 AUTOMATIC NON-FERROUS SEPARATOR    -   60 METAL DETECTOR ATTACHMENT SORTER    -   70 WIND POWER SORTING DEVICE (V-SHAPED WIND POWER SORTING        DEVICE)    -   80 SHREDDING MACHINE    -   90 METERING FEEDER    -   100 LARGE TURBO MILL    -   110 CYCLONE    -   130 HAIRY COPPER SEPARATION CIRCULAR VIBRATION SIEVE    -   140 MAGNET DRUM B    -   201 SUPPLY PORT    -   202 SUCTION PIPELINE    -   203 DISTURBING MEMBER    -   204 ZIGZAG PIPELINE    -   205 VIBRATION GENERATOR    -   206 CONVEYOR    -   207 AIR VOLUME CONTROL VALVE (DAMPER)    -   210 MIXER    -   220 PELLETIZER    -   230 BRIQUETTE PRESSING MACHINE    -   240 SEALING DEVICE    -   250 CARBONIZATION DEVICE    -   260 DESALINATION DEVICE    -   270 INORGANIC MIXER    -   280 PULVERIZER    -   290 PARTICLE CLASSIFIER AND CLASSIFIER    -   310 CIRCULATION TYPE OPTICAL COLOR SORTING DEVICE    -   320 NEAR INFRARED SENSOR SORTING DEVICE    -   330 BRIQUETTE PRESSING MACHINE    -   340 CARBONIZATION DEVICE    -   350 DESALINATION DEVICE    -   360 SEALING DEVICE    -   701 PIPELINE BODY    -   702 BRANCH PIPELINE    -   703 INLET    -   704 LARGE ROTARY VALVE    -   705 LOWER DISCHARGE PORT    -   706 UPPER DISCHARGE PORT    -   901 a HIGH-SPEED STIRRING BLADE    -   901 b LOW-SPEED STIRRING BLADE    -   902 CYLINDRICAL BODY    -   903 INLET    -   904 UPPER DISCHARGE PORT    -   905 LOWER DISCHARGE PORT    -   906 PARTITION PLATE

1. A waste treatment method comprising: a first crushing step (S1) ofcrushing wastes; a separation and collection step (S2) of separating andcollecting fibrous dust from a first crushed material; a separation andcollection step (S3, S4, S5) of separating and collecting metal from afirst crushed material; a separation and collection step (S6) ofseparating and collecting fibrous dust from a first crushed material;and a second crushing step (S7) of crushing a first crushed material. 2.The waste treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising: aseparation and collection step (S8) of separating and collecting fibrousdust from a second crushed material.
 3. The waste treatment methodaccording to claim 2, further comprising: a third crushing step (S10) ofcrushing a second crushed material after the separation and collectionstep (S8) of separating and collecting the fibrous dust from the secondcrushed material.
 4. The waste treatment method according to claim 3,further comprising: a separation and collection step (S11) of separatingand collecting fibrous dust and particulate dust from a third crushedmaterial after the third crushing step (S10).
 5. The waste treatmentmethod according to claim 3, further comprising: a separation andcollection step (S12, S13, S31, S32) of separating and collecting metalfrom a third crushed material after the third crushing step (S10). 6.The waste treatment method according to claim 4, further comprising:fueling of the fibrous dust and the particulate dust.
 7. The wastetreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the wastes are wasteautomobiles, waste home appliances, waste office furniture, wasteelectric wires, or shredder dust obtained by crushing those.
 8. Thewaste treatment method according to claim 3, wherein the waste iscrushed into 25 mm or less in the first crushing step; a first crushedmaterial is crushed into 8 mm or less in the second crushing step; and asecond crushed material is crushed into 6 mm or less in the thirdcrushing step.
 9. A waste treatment device comprising: a first crusher(10) for primary crushing wastes; a first separator and collector (20)for separating and collecting fibrous dust from a first crushedmaterial; a metal collector (30, 40, 50, 60) for separating andcollecting metal from a first crushed material; a second separator andcollector (70) for separating and collecting fibrous dust from a firstcrushed material; a second crusher (80) for secondly crushing a firstcrushed material; a third separator and collector (20) for separatingand collecting fibrous dust from a second crushed material; and a thirdcrusher (100) for thirdly crushing a second crushed material.
 10. Thewaste treatment device according to claim 9, wherein a shape of a bladeof the first crusher is square, and a triangular part which is ahalf-shaped of square is used.
 11. The waste treatment device accordingto claim 9, wherein the first separator and collector and the thirdseparator and collector are dust collectors.
 12. The waste treatmentdevice according to claim 9, wherein the second separator and collectoris a wind power sorting device.
 13. The waste treatment device accordingto claim 9, wherein the third crusher is a turbo mill.